Holistic psychology Cheat Sheet by psychedup

"A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirm­ity­" (WHO)
"A resource for everyday life, not the object of living­" (Ottaw­a,1986)

Holistic approach

treatment of whole person (emoti­onal, physical, intell­ectual, spiritual, occupa­tional, social, enviro­nme­ntal)

bodily functions and processes - organs/body
fitness, nutrition, absense of illness/injury

lifestyle and dietary changes - regular exercise, balanced nutrition, adequate rest, effective hygiene, regualr vaccin­ations, avoid alcohol tabacco drugs

ways ppl create healthy and +ve interp­ersonal rxns with one another
ability to handle and act based on different social conditions
help improve emo wellbeing
coexist peacefully in commun­ities

foster rxns, comm openly, partic­ipate on social act., seek social support

one aspect of mental health
ability to cope with both positive and negative emotions

practice self awareness, mindfu­lness, emo regulation techniques

History

One of the oldest medical sciences in the world
Ayurveda (most widely used in tradit­ional indian holistic medicine)

Ayurvedic medicine:
1500 -1000 BC – Was divided into two schools –
1. Atreya Inner Medicine School
2. Dhanva­ntari Surgery School
Early 100 BC - Scholars in these two categories wrote two major books –
1. Caraka Samhita
2. Sushrut Samhita
500AD - Astanga Hridaya Samhita was published, which integrated the views of two medical schools of Ayurveda
500 - 1900 AD - 16 important drug monographs were gradually added, like bonus sections, to the tradit­ional books of Ayurvedic medicine

Basic theories of Indian medicine:
1. five elements theory: Used to explain human physiology (in vedic culture)
Everything in the world is composed of five basic elements -
Prithvi (earth), Jala (water), Agni (fire), Vayu (air), and Akasha (ether)
These elements supplement the corres­ponding elements in the human body after being ingested
2. three humora­lisms theory (trish­oda): Three kinds of humora­lisms (bodily fluids – humors) -
gas (Vata), bile (Pitta), and mucus (Kapha) **
Balance of these determine the health­/di­sease status of the human body

19th century - Anesthesia and stetho­scope were invented - turning point with the develo­pment of the germ theory of disease and improvent in diagnostic accuracy
20th century- discovery of antibi­otics, DNA structure, X-rays, MRIs further helped deveop more specia­lized care and medical specia­lities
Overtime, huge databasse of altern­ative medicine were formed, including a list of common health symptoms and sugges­tions specific medicines and the right amounts to help relieve those symptoms quickly

Working on individual

Focus on holistic approach, addressing the person's physical, mental, and spiritual well-b­eing.

Focus on quick relief from the specific symptoms (only target that area with the proven chemical formulas)
Cure many identified problems + prevent many deadly viral infect­ion­s/p­ossible genetic diseases

Techniques

Ayurveda (900-8­00BCE):
Origin – ancient India - from Vedas (Rigveda and Atharva veda) – 2500-5­00BCE (oldest)
Literal meaning - “The Science of Life” - two Sanskrit words “ayur” (life) and “veda” (science or knowle­dge).
Health is considered as a basic precon­dition for achieving – Dharma (duties), Arth (finance), Karma (action) and Moksha (salva­tion) - objs of life
Maintain balance of structural and functional entities for good physical health (Swasthya)
Human body is a network of seven fundam­ental tissues –
“Rasa(­pla­sma),” “Rakta­(bl­ood),” “Mamsa­(mu­scle),” “Meda(­fat),” “Asthi­(bo­ne),” “Majja­(bone marrow),” and “Shukr­a(r­epr­odu­ctive fluid)” and the waste results of the body --- imbalance of these causes diseases
Unqiue prescr­iption of each indiv acc to holistic perspe­ctive.
Sidda (10,00­0-4­00BCE):
Origin – South India (Dravidian culture)
“Siddha” indicates “holy harmon­y”/­“at­taining excell­enc­e”/­“re­cog­nized fact”
96 principal consti­tuents of humans - physical, physio­log­ical, moral, and intellectual
Link social and psych aspects to physiology of diseases in patient
Gives equal importance to the inward soul and outer body
Practice of medicine is based saiva philosophy – similar to ayurveda
Siddha system of medicine – accumu­lation seven basic materials, three humors and the discarded products - establ­ished by 18 “Siddh­ars;” Thirum­oolar, Ahappe, Agathiyar, Sunthara ananthar, Bogar, Machch­amuni, Konganar, Korakkar, Therayar, Karuvo­orar, Nandi Devar, Idaikk­adar, Iraama­thevar, Sattamuni, Kuthampai, Paampa­atti, Aluhanna, and Kahapu­sundar.
Ideas - “food is medicine, medicine is food” and “sound mind makes a sound body.”
Unani (460-3­77BCE) :
Origin – Greece - Hippoc­rates, Galen
Urbanised by Arab – Raazes, Avicenna (Greco­-Arab Medicine)
Humoral theory – based on the 4 humors; blood, yellow bile, dark bile, and mucus --- sanguine, phlegm­atic, choleric and melanc­holic - depending on presence and amalga­mation of humors – change causes diseases
Human body as made up of seven standards; Mizaj (tempe­ram­ents), Anza (organs), Quo (resou­rces), Arkan (compo­nents), Arawh (spirits), Aklath (humors), and Afal (capac­ities) - consider every component for treatment
Types of medica­tions –
1. Diet treatment (control amount, nature, type)
2. Regimental treatment (diaph­oresis, diuresis, Turkish shower, knead cleansing etc)
3. Pharma­co-­tre­atment (NP drugs)

Homeopathy (1850CE) :
Origin – Greece – Hippoc­rates, Dr. Samuel Hahnemann
“Homoe­opathy” - derived from Greek words, “Homois” - similar and “pathos” - suffering
Works to rouse one’s body’s natural capacity to heal itself
Eliminate symptoms + enhance immune system + increase energy and outlook on life
2 main princi­ples:
1. “Like cures like;” a healthy individual would manifest the same symptom with the drug that is the cure for the same illness.
2. “Infinite dilution;” therap­eutic activity is enhanced by repeated dilution and succession even when diluted beyond Avogadro’s number.
Yoga:
Origin – ancient India
Sanskrit word "­yuj­" - "to unite/­int­egrate“ – yoga: “signi­ficance union”
Mainstream in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism
Postures – Precau­tionary (prevent), rehabi­lit­ative (improve) and restor­ative (restore) health
Meditation – emo stability, prevent malfun­ction of organs
Naturo­pathy:
Origin – no single country
Natural healing method - using the healing powers of nature
Perceives the body’s inborn healing capacity + emphasizes disease prevention + urges singular respon­sib­ility to get ideal well-being
Belief - accrual of toxins is the pivotal cause of all diseases in the human body. Prevention and elimin­ation of toxins is the route to health.
Treatments are based on the 5 major components of nature that have enormous healing properties
Sowa-R­ig-Pa / Bodh-Kyi: ‘science of healing’
Origin – India
Practi­tioners – Amchi
Treatment - use of herbs, minerals, animal products, spring and mineral water, mysticism and spiritual power.

Allopathy: conven­tional/ modern western medicine
Eviden­ce-­based approach to treat diseases Fda-ap­proved meds
Originates from the greek ‘allos’ - other, and ‘pathia’- ‘suffer’
Quick solution
Has proper chemical compos­ition and has been tested
Chemot­herapy: use of drugs to destroy cancer cells (stop growth, dividing, and replic­ating) during specific parts of the cell cycle (when new cells r made)
Systemic medication – travels through the bloods­tream and reaches all parts of the body
Side effects – hair loss, nausea Types:
1. Intrav­enous (iv) chemot­herapy: injected directly into vein. Some ivs need to be taken over a period of time (every few days/w­eeks) - continuous infusion chemotherapy
2. Oral: taken by mouth - pill, capsule, or liquid
3. Injected chemot­herapy: shot may be given in a muscle or injected under the skin (in arm, leg, or abdomen)
4. Chemot­herapy into an artery: that goes directly to the cancer - intra-­art­erial or ia chemot­herapy.
5. Chemot­herapy into the peritoneum or abdomen: medication might be placed directly (eg – ovary cancer)
6. Topical chemot­herapy: cream to apply on skin
Radiot­herapy: cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors
1. External beam radiation therapy: machine that aims radiation at cancer
2. Internal radiation therapy: radiation is put inside your body - solid (brach­yth­erapy) or liquid (systemic therapy)
Vaccines:
1. Inacti­vated: killed version of the germ (flu, polio etc) – not strong immune effect
2. Live-a­tte­nuated: weakened (or attenu­ated) form of the germ - strong and long-l­asting immune response (measles, mumps, chicke­npos)
3. Messenger RNA (MRNA – shorter manufa­cture time, no live virus): make proteins to trigger an immune response
4. Subunit, recomb­inant, polysa­cch­aride, and conjugate: use specific pieces of the germ—like its protein, sugar, or capsid (hepatitis b, hiv)
5. Toxoid vaccines: uses toxin (harmful product) made by the germ
6. Viral vector: different virus as a vector to deliver protection (influ­enza)