Cheatography
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DEFINTIONSMATTER: anything that takes up space and has mass... it is made up of elements!! | ELEMENT: substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions | COMPOUND: substance that consists of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio |
SHAPE AND FUNCTION- molecular function related to its shape | -shape is determined by bond angles | - shape is used in how molecules recognize and relate to each other | - INDUCED FIT | lock and key model | - allows for molecular mimics |
CHEMICAL REACTIONS- the making & breaking of bonds that leads to changes in the composition of matter | - chemical reactions change reactants into products while conserving matter | - most are reversible | EXAMPLE | 2H2 + O2= 2H20 | reactants= products |
| | EMERGENT PROPERTIES* sodium (Na) is a metal | * chlorine (Cl) is a poisonous gas | * combined= NaCl= table salt |
CHEMICAL BONDINGIONIC BONDS | - transfer of electrons | -forms + and - ions | -weak bond formed because of their opposite charges | - ionic compounds are called salts | - environment affects the strength of ionic bonds |
CHEMICAL BONDINGHYDROGEN BONDS | - weak chemical bond | -partially +H atom in water molecule is attracted to the partially -O in another | - can occur wherever an -OH exists in a larger molecule |
EQUILIBRIUM- chemical equilibrium is reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are EQUAL | 5 to 5 or 10 to 10 |
| | LIFE NEEDED ELEMENTSCHNOPS | 96% = CHON | 4%= SPKCa |
CHEMICAL BONDINGCOVALENT BONDS | - sharing electrons | -strong bond | = both atoms holding onto electrons | - forms molecules | -double covalent bonds | 2 atoms can share more than one pair of electrons | | | "double and triple bonds" |
POLAR COVALENT BONDS- electrons are not shared equally | - electronegativity | -oxygen is one of the most electronegative of the 92 elements |
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