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The following cheat sheet contains information about giving feedback in a language classroom
Definition
Feedback in language teaching is the response from the teacher after any student performance using the language. |
Negative feedback is used when students commit a mistake. Its purpose is to change behavior towards the correct direction. |
Positive feedback is used when students use language correctly. Its purpose is to reinforce accurate and appropriate use of the language. |
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Recommendations
Inclusion |
Give equal attention to well- performing students as much as low-performing ones. |
Moderation |
Overdoing or underdoing feedback might result in students' distrust. |
Variety |
Always change feedback techniques so it doesn't seem automated. |
Flexibility |
Let mistakes happen and worry not to correct every single mistake or praise very single correct use. |
Clarification |
Either it's for positive or negative feedback, always give simple reasons for each feedback. |
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Techniques
Ask- Tell-Ask |
It consists in a three-step sequence. First, the teacher (T) asks for the student's (S) self-assessment; second, T tells S the mistake that was commited; third, T asks S how he will improve to avoid the mistake next time. |
Sandwich |
The process has a similar structure as the previous one. First, T praises S by mentioning strengths; second, T mentions the mistake; third, T praises S's abilities to be better for next time. |
Bridge |
Lets the student know their past performance, compares it with their present performance, and then establishes expectations of their future performance. |
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