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Market segments- Not "one" shipping segment | - Started in the 20th century | - Took off after WWII | - Demand for resources to build cities up again | - Has both supply and demand |
Market structure- 43% of cargo in Europe is on ships | - 270 shipowners | - Largest companies in Norway are Wilson, SeaCargo/SeaTrans, Green Reefers, Unifeeder, NorLines | - 500 Norwegian owned vessels | - Ship types: bulk, container, RoRo, RoPax | - Often old tonnage that need updates | - Small onshore organisations | - Cooperation / competition with rail and road |
Income:
Long term chartering
- Other shipping modes
- large companies
- governmental agencies Main shipping segmentsInfluence
- Types of ships
- Markets
- Types of cargo
- Taskts
- Customers
- Succsess criteria
- key stakeholders
Deep sea shipping
- Global shipping routes
- large ships, transport large amount of cargo
- Definition
-- "Deep sea shipping, international shipping or ocean shipping refers to maritime traffic that crosses the ocean."
Short sea shipping
- Feeder traffic
- Liner traffic
- Smaller ships in the same segment
- Definition
-- "Maritime transport within a region, essentially serving port-to-port feeder traffic which can be in competition with land transport." |
| | General Cargoes- Containers | - Small loose cargoes | - Pallets | - Pre-slung cargo | - Small-volume liquid cargoes | - Heavy cargoes | - Special cargoes that are difficult to handle | - TO-TO [Trot on-Trot off] |
Specialized shipping- Norway has 40% | - Chemicals | - Liquefied gas | - Reefer cargoes | - Unit load cargoes | - Passenger shipping |
Economics based on:
- Improved cargo handling
- Improved stowage, more cargo each journey
- integration with onshore transport systems Types of serviceTransportation
- Liner ships, regular voyage [like a bus]
- Tramp ships, whenever or wherever the market is [like a taxi]
Do work
- Service
- Service oil and gas |
| | Recent trends- Shipping companies have widened their portfolio of services | - Increased specialization in the supply of maritime transport services –change in ship size and ship characteristics | - Development of alliances or pools in e.g. bulk trades | - Raising sustainability imperatives and climate change concerns leading to sustainable shipping | - World trade continues developing, esp. in the developing countries | - Intermodal transport system | - Super-slow steaming |
Competition intensity- Internal rivalry | - Strong price pressure | - Large and small suppliers | - Strong competition from road and rail transport | - Many suppliers |
Why is shipping important?- Reduction of pollution | - Reduction of road transport accidents | - Reduces transport network congestion levels | - Reduces investments in transportation infrastructure | - Increases port hinterland competitiveness |
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