Glycolysis Cheat Sheet by rhettbro

Glycolysis Is an Energy­-Co­nve­rsion Pathway in Many organisms

Glucose Can Be Synthe­sized from Non-ca­rbo­hydrate Precursors

the sequence of reactions that metabo­lizes one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate with the concom­itant net production of two molecules of ATP.

This process is anaerobic (i.e., it does not require O2), in as much as it evolved before the accumu­lation of substa­ntial amounts of oxygen in the atmosp­here.

Under aerobic condit­ion­s(need O2), pyruvate can be completely oxidized to CO2, generating much more ATP.

Stage 1: conversion of glucose into fructose 1,6-bi­sph­osp­hate, and cleavage into two three-­carbon fragments;

Fermen­tations provide usable energy in the absence of oxygen

- intense exercise

The NADH produced by the glycer­ald­ehyde 3-phos­phate dehydr­ogenase reaction must be reoxidized to NAD+ for the glycolytic pathway to continue. In alcoholic fermen­tation, alcohol dehydr­ogenase oxidizes NADH and generates ethanol. In lactic acid fermen­tation (not shown), lactate dehydr­ogenase oxidizes NADH while generating lactic acid.