Formal Imperialism |
Military conquest and the establishment of political control |
Informal Imperialism |
trade, investment, and business activities that enabled imperial powers to profit form subject societies and influence their affairs without going to the trouble of exercising direct political power |
What countries were involved? |
North America, Chile, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. Settled and created colonies. Colonies in India, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Officials established political control and controlled domestic and foreign policy |
Why Europeans expand? |
imperial expansion and colonial domination were crucial for the survival of their societies |
What did they get from expanding what materials? |
Raw materials, rubber, tin, copper, petroleum |
What killed people? |
Deadly diseases (malaria) |
What did Africa offer for Europeans? |
Palm Oil: used for industries, gold and diamonds |
What country and What did Africa offer for Great Britain? |
Egypt, New Cotton, and an all water route to india. in 1869 Sues Canal |
How was this possible for Europe to succeed? |
Steamships, railroads, canals, powerful weapons, telegraph |
How much territory was conquered world wide? |
1870-1914 Europeans conquered an estimated 10 million square miles of territory world wide |
How many people were brought under European control? |
Between 1870-1914 Brought an estimated 150 million people under their authority worldwide |
By 1914..? |
Europeans controlled and estimated 84% of all land on Earth |
Who was the first country to establish colonies in Africa? |
Portuguese with docking and trading post |
What were the first 3 colonies in Africa? |
Angola (Portuguese), Mauritania (Portuguese), Cape Colony (Dutch) |
After the Scramble for Africa what two Africa Colonies were independent? |
Ethiopia and Liberia |
What was the "scramble for Africa"? |
When all the Europeans were claiming territory in Africa |
Why did Ethiopia not taken under control? |
They won the war against Italy in 1895-1896 |
How did Ethiopia beat Italy? |
They got weapons from the French because they hated Italy but Ethiopia also had a strong military |
How did Liberia gain their independence? |
Liberia was conquered by America, Slaves they had become free were sent to Liberia and therefore Liberia had the support of Americans |
why was Africa called a "white mans burden"? |
"Rudgard Kipling" |
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