Cheatography
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Naming
Alkane |
-ane |
Alkene |
-ene |
Alkyne |
-yne |
Cyclic |
cyclo- |
Aromatics |
-benzene |
Alcohol |
-ol |
Ether |
-oxy- or -ether |
Aldehyde |
-al |
Keytone |
-one |
Carboxylic Acid |
-oic acid |
Ester |
-oate |
Amine |
-amine or amino- |
Amide |
-amide |
Thiol |
-thiol |
Formation Reactions
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Forming Alkanes Hydrogenation of Alkene (Addition RX)
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H2 + Alkene = Alkane
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Forming Alkenes Dehydration of Alcohol
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Alcohol (H2SO4) = Alkene + H2O
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Substitution RX + Elimination RX
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Alkane + Halogen = Alkyl Halide + (HCL)
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Alkyl Halide + OH- = Alkene + (Cl) + H2O
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Formation Reactions
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Forming Alcohols Alkene + H2O =(H2SO) Alcohol
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HYDROGENATION RX
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Aldehyde (reducing agent) = 1 alcohol
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Keytone (reducing agent) = 2 alcohol
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Forming Ethers CONDENSATION RX
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Alcohol + Alcohol (H2SO4) = Ether + H2O
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Forming Aldehydes OXIDATION RX
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1 Alcohol + [O] = Aldehyde + H2O
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Forming Keytones 2 Alcohol + [O] = Keytone + H2O
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Forming Carboxylic Acids Aldehyde + [O] = Carboxylic Acid
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Forming Esters (esterfication) Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol (H2SO4) = Ester + H2O
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Forming Amines Alkyl Halide + Ammonia = Amine + HI
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Forming Amides Carboxylic Acid + Ammonia (H2SO4) = Amide + H2O
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Other Reactions
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Combustion RX Complete : __ + O2 = CO2 + H2O
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Incomp: __ + O2 = CO2 + H2O + CO + C
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Alkanes SUBSTITUTION RX
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Alkenes & Alkynes ADDITION RX
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Halogenation... Hydrogenation... Hydrohalogenation... Hydration
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Esters HYDROLYSIS (soaponification)
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Ester + NaOH = Sodium Carboxylate + Alcohol
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Polarity
Carboxylic Acid |
Alcohol |
Amines & Amides |
Aldehydes, Keytones, Esters |
Ethers & Alkyl Halides |
Alkenes & Aromatics |
Alkanes |
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Created By
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