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NamingAlkane | -ane | Alkene | -ene | Alkyne | -yne | Cyclic | cyclo- | Aromatics | -benzene | Alcohol | -ol | Ether | -oxy- or -ether | Aldehyde | -al | Keytone | -one | Carboxylic Acid | -oic acid | Ester | -oate | Amine | -amine or amino- | Amide | -amide | Thiol | -thiol |
Formation ReactionsForming Alkanes Hydrogenation of Alkene (Addition RX) | |
H2 + Alkene = Alkane | Forming Alkenes Dehydration of Alcohol | |
Alcohol (H2SO4) = Alkene + H2O | |
Substitution RX + Elimination RX | |
Alkane + Halogen = Alkyl Halide + (HCL) | |
Alkyl Halide + OH- = Alkene + (Cl) + H2O |
| | Formation ReactionsForming Alcohols Alkene + H2O =(H2SO) Alcohol | |
HYDROGENATION RX | |
Aldehyde (reducing agent) = 1 alcohol | |
Keytone (reducing agent) = 2 alcohol | Forming Ethers CONDENSATION RX | |
Alcohol + Alcohol (H2SO4) = Ether + H2O | Forming Aldehydes OXIDATION RX | |
1 Alcohol + [O] = Aldehyde + H2O | Forming Keytones 2 Alcohol + [O] = Keytone + H2O | Forming Carboxylic Acids Aldehyde + [O] = Carboxylic Acid | Forming Esters (esterfication) Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol (H2SO4) = Ester + H2O | Forming Amines Alkyl Halide + Ammonia = Amine + HI | Forming Amides Carboxylic Acid + Ammonia (H2SO4) = Amide + H2O |
| | Other ReactionsCombustion RX Complete : __ + O2 = CO2 + H2O | |
Incomp: __ + O2 = CO2 + H2O + CO + C | Alkanes SUBSTITUTION RX | Alkenes & Alkynes ADDITION RX | |
Halogenation... Hydrogenation... Hydrohalogenation... Hydration | Esters HYDROLYSIS (soaponification) | |
Ester + NaOH = Sodium Carboxylate + Alcohol |
PolarityCarboxylic Acid | Alcohol | Amines & Amides | Aldehydes, Keytones, Esters | Ethers & Alkyl Halides | Alkenes & Aromatics | Alkanes |
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