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Reoviridae Cheat Sheet by [deleted]

Brief information on the family of virus - Reoviridae.

Basic Inform­ation

 Linear double­-st­randed RNA genome and non-en­veloped

Sub-fa­milies

sedore­ovi­rinae
spinar­eov­irinae

size and genome

60 to 85 nm
dsRNA
11 segments
size of genome - 10 - 27 kb

Protein

6 structural proteins
VP1
RdRp
 
VP2
Core protein
 
VP3
Guanyl­ylt­ran­sferase
 
VP4
spike protein - cleaves VP5 and VP8
 
VP6
Interm­ediate capsid
 
VP7
neutra­liz­ation of Ag
6 Non-st­ruc­tural protein
NSP1
Interferon antagonist
 
NSP2
NTPase - viroplasms with NSP5
 
NSP3
Transl­ation enhancer
 
NSP4
Viroporins
 
NSP5
Viroplasms with NSP2
 
NSP6
Interacts with NSP5
 

Diagram

Replic­ation

 Efficient replic­ation requires cleavage of the outer capsid spike protein VP4, which allows the struct­urally flexible spike protein, VP4, to undergo confor­mat­ional changes to interact with a series of cellular receptors.
 The virus is intern­alized by recept­or-­med­iated endocy­tosis. The low calcium of the endosome releases outer capsid VP7 trimers, resulting in a confor­mat­ional change in the VP4 spike protein that releases the transc­rip­tio­nally active double­-la­yered particles into the cytoplasm.
 Viral messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are used to translate proteins and as templates for RNA genome replic­ation and packaging into newly made double­-la­yered particles (DLPs) that occurs in specia­lized structures called viroplasms that co-loc­alize and require components of lipid droplets for formation.
 Triple­-la­yered particle (TLP) assembly is completed by a unique process involving binding of newly made DLPs to NSP4 that serves as an intrac­ellular receptor, followed by particles budding into the endopl­asmic reticulum
During this process, transient enveloped particles are seen, the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7 are assembled, and the transient envelope is lost.
 The viral glycop­roteins do not traffic to the Golgi. In polarized epithelial cells, particles are released both by viral lysis and by a noncla­ssical vesicular transport mechanism.
 

Replic­ation Cycle

 

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