Alteration on Oxy (cardiac cyanosis) Cheat Sheet by Dan_Niel

Occurs when blood is shunted from the venous to the arterial system as a result of abnormal commun­ication bet. the two systems (deoxy to oxy. R to L shunts)

Localized narrowing of the aorta, the most common cardiac malfor­mation respon­sible for cyanosis in a child over 1 year. 4 major defects:

Aorta overriding VSD

Right ventri­cular hypert­rophy

•PS impedes the flow of blood to lungs

•Forces deoxy blood through the septal defect to the left ventricle

•Severe dyspnea, hyperc­yanotic spells & acidosis

•Failure to thrive and growth retard­ation.

•If O2 level ex low, prosta­gla­ndins (IV) to keep PDA open.

•Closure of the VSD with dacron patch

•Coronary arteries will be repaired

Strept­ococcal infections causes damage to the heart muscle and valves. All heart layers are affected.

•Myoca­rditis

•Endoc­arditis

•An acute attack of strept­ococcal pharyn­gitis by group A beta-h­emo­lytic strept­ococci

Tricuspid valve fails to develop causing complete closure of the tricuspid valve that results in mixed blood flow.

•Cyanosis in NB, Chronic hypoxia, clubbing

•Heart failure, chronic hypoxemia

•O2 sat to see how much O2 is getting into blood

•ECG to check the electrical activity

making a passage between the superior vena cava to the right lung (pulmo­nary) artery

This operation joins the inferior vena cava to the pulmonary arteries.

Nonpru­ritic, painless erythe­matous rash on trunk and/or proximal extrem­ities.

•May last from weeks to months

Lab test: Acute phase reactants, ECG changes

• Carditis: friction rub, murmur, cardio­megaly, CHF

•Chorea, subcut­aneous nodules, Erythema marginatum

A neurologic disorder with muscular weakness, emotional lability and involu­ntary, uncoor­din­ated, purpos­eless movement

•Mainly occurs in hands, feet and face, sensation intact

• An autoimmune disease affecting the heart and extra cardiac sites ( joints, brain, skin)

•The disease affects children and young adults (5-15yrs)

•Tachy­cardia, arrythmias

•Phary­ngeal culture may be negative

•May be migratory. last for 2 - 3 weeks

•Usually involves the knees, ankles, elbows, and wrists

Usually associated with severe carditis and occur several weeks after

•Occur near elbows, knees, wrists, achilles tendon, vertebral joints

Idiopathic multis­ystem disease. vasculitis of small & medium blood vessels & arteries. Usually <5 yrs old.

•Polym­orphous exanthem, usually truncal

•Cervical lympha­den­opathy

•Red eyes, changes in lips, tongue & mouth

•Hands & feet: red, swollen, hands & soles.

•Swelling of glands in the neck, soft, painless nodes

Acute: 1-2 weeks from onset, febrile, irritable, oral changes, rash, edema/­ery­thema of feet

• Conval­escent (months to years later)

•No single medicine can treatment or cure