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Terms and Definitions
Term |
Definition |
Anthropological Linguistics |
Study of language (from anthropological view) |
Ethnopoetics |
A method of recording narrative speech acts (includes oral poetry, stories). This helps to capture the poetic format and other performative elements that might be lost if only written. |
Ethnography of speaking |
The study of how people use spoken language in a particular cultural setting. |
Call systems |
Patterned sounds, utterances and movements of the body that express meaning. |
Philology |
Comparative study of ancient texts. |
Proto-language |
A hypothetical common ancestral language of two or more living languages. |
Cognate words |
Words in two languages that have the same sound shifts as other words; indicative of a common linguistic ancestry. |
Descriptive Linguistics |
Systematic analysis and description of a language's sound system and grammar. |
Morphology |
The structure of words and word formation in a language |
Sociolinguistics |
The study of how sociocultural context and norms shape language use, and the effects of language use on society. |
Linguistic relativity |
The idea that people speaking different languages perceive or interpret the world differently because of differences in their languages. |
Ethnoscience |
The study of how people classify things in the world, by considering some range or set of meanings. |
Creole |
A language of mixed orgin that has developed from a complex blending of two parent languages and exists as a mother tongue for some part of the population. |
Pidgin |
A mixed language with a simplified grammer, borrowing vocabulary from on language but it's grammer from another. |
Language ideology |
Assumptions that people make about the relative sophistication and status of particular dialects and languages. |
Paraphrasing of Definitions
Term |
Paraphrased Def. |
Anthropological Linguistics |
Study of language in anthropology. |
Ethnography of speaking |
Study of how people speak in cultural settings. |
Ethnopoetics |
Recording (poetic, narrative) oral traditions in a way that maintains the performative aspect. |
Call systems |
Patterned sounds and body movements that express meaning. |
Philology |
comparative study of ancient texts. |
Proto-language |
A hypothetical common language of two or more living languages. |
Cognate words |
Words in two language that are pronounced (sometimes spelled) the same way. |
Descriptive linguistics |
Analysis of a language's phonetics and grammar. |
Phonology |
Pattern of sounds in a language |
Morphology |
Structure and syntax of words |
Sociolingustics |
Study of how society affects/shapes language |
Linguistic Relativity |
People speaking different languages perceive the world differently because of the differences in their languages. |
Ethnoscience |
Study of how people classify things in the world. |
Creole |
The language developed from blending two existing languages. |
Pidgin |
Mixed language with simple grammar that borrows vocabulary from one language and grammar from another |
Language Ideology |
Assumptions that people make about the status of particular dialects and languages. |
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Chapter 10: Race, Ethnicity and Class
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