Cold War Timeline Cheat Sheet

1940s

1945	February 4-11	Yalta conference between US, UK & USSR
	March 6	USSR installs puppet government in Romania
	March 7	Josep Broz Tito installed as head of Yugoslavia
	March-April	Stalin turns Poland to a communist puppet government
	April 12	Roosevelt dies and Harry S Truman becomes President
	May 2	Italian civil war ends
	July 24	Potsdam conference
	August 6	Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
	August 8	USSR honours agreement to declare war on Japan
	August 9	Atomic bombing of Nagasaki
	August 12	Japanese forces in Korea surrender
	August 17	Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
	August 19- September 1	Viet Minh seizes control of Hanoi
	September 2	Surrender of Japan
	September 5	Revealations of a Soviet spy ring operating in Canada & US
	October 25	Taiwan transferred to China from Japan
	November	Iran crisis of 1946 begins
1946	January	Chinese civil war resumed
	January 7	Republic of Austria reconstituted
	January 11	Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania
	February 9	Stalin makes his Election speech, in which he states that capitalism and imperialism make future wars inevitable
	February 22	George F Kennan writes his Long Telegram
	March	Greek civil war reignites
	March 5	Churchill warns of the descent of an Iron Curtain across Europe
	May 26	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia alongside the Communist Party of Slovakia receive 38 percent of the vote in the 1946 parliamentary election
	June 2	Following a referendum the Italian Republic is born
	July 4	The Philippines gains independence from US
	September 8	In a referendum Bulgaria votes for establishment of a People's Republic
	September 24	Truman presented with the Clifford-Elsey Report which lists Soviet violations of agreements with the US
	September 27	Nikolai Vasilevich Novikov writes a response to Kennan's Long Telegram known as the Novikov Telegram
	December 15	USSR withdraws from Iran
	December 19	French landings in Indochina begon the First Indochina war
1947	January 1	American & British zones of Control in Germany are united to form the Bizone
	February 10	Establishment of the neutral state Free Territory of Trieste
	February 25	Prussia was de jure abolished
	February 28	The February 28 incident in Taiwan lasting until mid March
	March 7	Paraguayan civil war begins
	March 12	Truman Doctrine announced
	April 16	Bernard Baruch coins the term Cold War to describes the relations between US & USSR
	May 22	US extends $400 million of military aid to Greece & Turkey
	June 5	Marshall Plan is outlined
	August 14	Partition of India: Pakistan gains independence from UK
	August 15	Partition of India: India gains independence from UK
	September	USSR forms the Cominform
	October 20	Legal political opposition to Polish communism is effectively at an end
	November 14	UN passes a resolution calling for withdrawal of foreign soldiers from Korea
	November 29	UN partitions Palestine
	November 30	1947-49 & civil war in Palestine
	December 30	King Michael I of Romania forced to abdicate and monarchy is abolished leading to the Romanian People's Republic
1948	January 5	Burma becomes independent from UK
	January 30	Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated
	February 25	The Communist party takes control in Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948
	March 12	Costa Rican civil war begins
	April 3	Truman signs the Marshall Plan into effect
	April 9	La Violencia begins in Colombia
	May 14	The state of Israel is formed
	May 15	1948 Arab-Israeli war
	June 18	Communist insurgency in Malaya
	June 21	British & French zones in Germany launch a common currency the Deutsche Mark
	June 24	Stalin orders the Berlin Blockade
	June 28	USSR expels Yugoslavia from the Cominform over the Greek civil war
	June 28	Berlin airlift begins
	August 15	US declares the Republic of Korea to be the legitimate government of the Korean peninsula
	September 9	USSR declares the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to be the legitimate government of the Korean peninsula
	September 18	The Madiun affair in Indonesia begins
1949	January 5-8	Comecon is formed
	April 4	Nato is founded by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, UK & USin order to resist Communist expansion
	May 11	Soviet blockade of Berlin ends
	May 23	Bizone merges with French zone of control in Germany to form the Federal Republic of Germany
	August 29	USSR tests its first atomic bomb
	September 13	USSR vetoes the UN membership of Ceylon, Finland, Iceland, Italy, Jordan & Portugal
	September 15	Konrad Adenauer becomes the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany
	October 1	Mao Zedong declares the foundation of the People's Republic of China
	October 7	USSR declares their zone of Germany to be the German Democratic Republic
	October 16	Nikos Zachariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece declares an end to the armed uprising. Declaration brings to a close the Greek civil war
	December 27	Sovereignty is handed over to United States of Indonesia from the Netherlands

1950s (part 1)

1950	January 5	UK recognises the People's Republic of China
	January 19	China officially diplomatically recognises Vietnam as independent
	January 31	Truman announces the beginning of the development of a hydrogen bomb
	February 3	USSR establishes diplomatic relations with Indonesia
	February 9	Senator McCarthy claims without evidence that communists have infiltrated the US state department
	February 12	USSR & People's Republic of China sign pact of mutual defense
	April 7	NSC 68 is issued, arguing for the adoption of containment as the cornerstone of US foreign policy
	May 11	Robert Schuman issues Schuman Declaration which marks the beginning of the creation of the European Community
	June 25	North Korea invades South Korea beginning the Korean War. UN votes to intervene to defend the south
	July 4	UN forces engage with North Korean forces for first time
	September 30	UN forces land at Inchon
	October 2	UN forces cross the 38th parallel into North Korea
	October 6	Forces from People's Republic of China enter Tibet, with goal of annexing the region into China
	October 22	Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea falls to UN forces
	October 22	China intervenes in Korea with 300,000 soldiers but withdraw after initial engagements
	November 15	UN forces approach the Yalu River, in response China intervenes again with 500,000 strong army
1951	January 4	Chinese soldiers capture Seoul
	March 14	UN forces recapture Seoul, by end of March they have reached the 38th parallel
	March 29	Julius & Ethel Rosenberg are convicted of espionage for role in passing atomic secrets to the USSR during & after WWII, they were executed on June 19, 1953
	April 11	Truman fires MacArthur from command of US forces in Korea
	April 23	US journalist William N Oatis arrested in Czechoslovakia for alleged espionage
	May 23	The seventeen point agreement is signed between Tibet & People's Republic of China
	September 1	Australia, New Zealand & UK sign the ANZUS treaty
	October 10	Truman signs the mutual security act
	November 14	Truman asks Congress for US military & economic aid for Yugoslavia
	December 12	The international authority for the Ruhr lifts part of the remaining restrictions on German industrial production
1952	February 6	George VI dies & Princess Elizabeth becomes Queen
	February 18	Greece & Turkey join NATO
	April 28	Treaty of San Francisco signed by Japan comes into effect
	June 14	US lays the keel for the world's first nuclear powered submarine, USS Nautilus
	June 30	The Marshall Plan ends
	July 23	Gamal Abdel Nasser heads a coup against King Farouk of Egypt
	October 2	The UK successfully tests its first atomic bomb
	November 1	US tests their first thermonuclear fusion bomb
	November 4	Dwight D Eisenhower wins the 1952 presidential election
1953	January 20	Eisenhower becomes president
	February 3	The Batepá massacre occurred in São Tomé & Príncipe
	February 28	Balkan Pact is signed by Yugoslavia, Greece & Turkey
	March 5	Stalin dies, setting off a power struggle to succeed him
	May 31 - June 2	The 1953 Plzeň uprising was violently suppressed by the Czechoslovak governement
	June 2	Elizabeth II crowned Queen of UK
	June 17	Uprising of 1953 in East Germany is crushed by Soviet troops
	July 26	Cuban Revolution begins as the 26th of July Movement led by Fidel Castro
	July 27	An armistice agreement ends fighting in Korean war after Eisenhower threatened use of nuclear weapons
	August 19	The CIA & MI6 assists a royalist coup that restores Pahlavi to power as the Shah of Iran
	September 7	Nikita Khrushchev becomes leader of the USSR
	September 23	The pact of Madrid if signed by Spain & US
	December 4-8	Eisenhower meets with Churchill & Laniel of France in Bermuda
1954	January 21	US launches world's first nuclear submarine
	March 8	US & Japan mutual defense assistance agreement is signed
	March 13	The KGB is created as successor agency of NKVD
	April-June	The Army-McCarthy hearings are broadcast on US TV leading to loss of support for McCarthyism
	May 7	The Viet Minh defeat the French at Dien Bien Phu , France withdraws from Indochina
	May 17	The Hukbalahap revolt in the Philippines is defeated
	June 2	McCarthy claims that communists have infiltrated the CIA & atomic weapons industry
	June 18	The elected leftist Guatemalan government is overthrown in a CIA backed coup
	July 22	India annexes the Portuguese territories of Dadra & Nagar Haveli
	August 11	The Taiwan Strait Crisis begins
	September 8	Foundation of the South East Asian Treaty Organisation
	October 5	The free territory of Trieste is dissolved
	October 10	The Jebel Akhdar war begins in Oman
	November 1	The fight for independence in French Algeria begins
	December 2	Sino-American mutual defense treaty is signed
	December 15	Suriname becomes a Dutch constituent state

1950s (part 2)

1955	February 24	The Baghdad Pact is founded by Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey & UK
	March	Soviet aid to Syria begins
	April 18	The Asia-Africa conference is first held in Bandung, Indonesia
	April	The non aligned movement is pioneered
	May 5	Allies end the military occupation of West Germany
	May 6	US begins formal diplomatic relations with West Germany
	May 9	West Germany joins NATO & begins rearmament
	May 14	The Warsaw pact is founded in Eastern Europe. It includes East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria & USSR
	May 15	Austria is neutralised & allied occupation ends
	July 18	Geneva summit occurs
	August 15	The first Sudanese civil war begins
	November 1	Official beginning of Vietnam war
1956	February 25	Beginning of de-Stalinisation
	March 20	Tunisia becomes independent
	June 28	Anti communist protests in Poznań in Poland
	October 23	Hungarian revolution of 1956
	October 29	Suez Crisis
	November 6	Eisenhower wins re-election in 1956 presidential election
	December	Viet Cong insurgency begins in South Vietnam supported by north
1957	January 5	The Eisenhower doctrine commits the US to defending Iran, Pakistan & Afghanistan
	March 6	Ghana becomes independent
	May 2	McCarthy dies
	May 15	UK detonates its first hydrogen bomb
	August 31	Malaya gains independence
	October 1	Strategic air command initiates 24/7 nuclear alert
	October 4	Sputnik 1 satellite launched, beginning of space race
	November 3	Sputnik 2 was launched with Laika the dog on board
	November 7	Eisenhower special committee urges a vigorous campaign to build fallout shelters to protect US citizens
	November 15	Khrushchev claims that the USSR has missile superiority over US
	December 16-19	NATO holds first summit in Paris
1958	January	Mao initiates the Great Leap Forward
	January 29	NASA was founded
	January 31	US army launches Explorer 1, the first US artificial satellite
	February 1	United Arab Republic formed
	July 14	The 14 July revolution in Iraq
	July 15	Political crisis in Lebanon
	August 23	Second Taiwan strait crisis begins
	September 1	Iceland expands its fishing zone which UK opposes leading to the cod wars
	October 8	Guinea becomes independent
	October 11	Pioneer 1 was launched
	November	Start of the 1958-59 Berlin crisis
	November 8	Pioneer 2 was launched
	December 6	Pioneer 3 was launched
1959	January 1	Castro wins the Cuban revolution & becomes dictator
	January 2	Luna 1 was launched
	March 3	Pioneer 4 was launched
	March 10-23	Tibetan uprising occurs
	March 24	Iraq leaves central treaty organisation
	May 23	Laotian civil war begins
	July 24	The kitchen debate between VP Richard Nixon & Khrushchev
	July 31	Basque conflict officially begins
	August 7	Explorer 6 was launched
	September	Khrushchev visited US
	September 13	Luna 2 was launched & becomes first man made object to reach surface of moon
	October 4-22	Luna 3 was launched & took photos of the far side of the moon but issues with signal strength
	November	Rwandan revolution begins
	December	formation of NLF (Viet Cong) by North Vietnam

1960s (part 1)

1960	February 16	France successfully tests its first atomic bomb
	May 1	American pilot shot down in U-2 spy plane leading to the U-2 incident
	June	Sino-Soviet split
	July 5	Congo crisis begins
	July 31	Communist insurgents in Malaya are defeated
	August 3	Niger beomes independent
	August 9	The Pathet Lao revolt in Laos begins
	August 11	Chad becomes independent
	August 17	Gabon becomes independent
	September 30	Sukarno gives speech and criticises the UN for not being neutral & questions location in New York
	November 13	The Guatemalan civil war begins
	November 28	Mauritania becomes independent
1961	January 3	Eisenhower severs diplomatic relations with Cuba
	January 13	Patrice Lumumba the elected president of the Republic of the Congo is assassinated
	January 20	John F Kennedy becomes president of the US
	January 31	Ham the chimpanzee is launched into space as part of project mercury
	February 4	Beginning of the Portuguese colonial war
	February 12	Venera 1 is successfully launched by USSR
	April 12	Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space when USSR launches Vostok 1
	April 17-19	Bay of pigs invasion
	April 21	Sierra Leone becomes independent
	May 5	Alan Shepard becomes first American to go into space on Freedom 7
	May 19	Venera 1 successfully reaches Venus
	May 25	Start of project mercury, America's first human spaceflight program
	June 4	Kennedy meets with Khrushchev in Vienna
	June	Jupiter IRBM deployment to Turkey
	July 11	North Korea & China sign the Sino-North Korean mutual aid & cooperation friendship treaty
	July 19	The Nicaraguan revolution begins
	August 13	Berlin Wall is built by USSR
	August 17	Alliance for progress aid to Latin American from US begins
	September 1	Eritrean war of independence begins
	September 28	Syria withdraws from the United Arab Republic
	October 17	22nd Soviet party congress held in USSR
	October 27	Beginning of checkpoint charlie standoff between US & Soviet tanks
	October 31	USSR detonated the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever tested
	December 2	Castro openly describes himself as a Marxist-Leninist
	December 18	Republic of India invades the former Portuguese territory of Goa
1962	January 15	Confrontation between Indonesia & the Netherlands over imperialism
	February 20	John Glenn launched into space aboard Friendship 7
	July 1	Rwanda & Burundi become independent
	July 20	Neutralisation of Laos
	August 2	Jamaica granted independence
	August 27	Mariner 2 is launched to make a flyby of Venus
	August 31	Trinidad & Tobago is granted independence
	September 8	Himalayan war
	September 26	North Yemen civil war begins
	October 9	Uganda becomes independent
	October 16	Cuban Missle Crisis
	October 20	The Sino-Indian war begins
	November 1	The USSR successfully launches Mars 1
	November 20	End of Sino-Indian war
	December 7	The Brunei People's Party launched a rebellion against the British protectorate
	December 14	Mariner 2 reaches Venus, becoming the first US spacecraft to reach Venus
1963	January 20	Indonesia declares it rejects the formation of Malaysia
	January 23	Kim Philby, leader of the Cambridge Five, defects to USSR from Beirut. The fight for independence in Portuguese Guinea begins
	February 10	Overthrow of Abd al-Karim Qasim
	June 9	Dhofar rebellion
	June 13	Mars 1 likely reaches Mars conducting flyby
	June 16	Vostok 6 was launched, with Valentina Tereshkova becoming the first woman in space
	June 20	The US agrees to set up a hotline with the USSR
	June 21	France announces that is withdrawing its navy from the North Atlantic fleets of NATO
	June 26	Kennedy gives his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech
	July 31	The Manila accord was signed
	August 5	The partial test ban treaty is signed by the US, UK & USSR
	September 16	Malaysia was formed
	September 25	A border war was fought between Morocco & Algeria
	October 14	The Aden emergency begins against British rule
	November 2	South Vietnamese president Ngo Dinh Diem is assassinated in a coup
	November 22	Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, Lyndon B Johnson becomes President
	December 12	Kenya becomes independent
1964	January 12	Government of Zanzibar Sultanate is overthrown
	January 27	France recognises the People's Republic of China
	February 10	The Republic of China severs diplomatic relations with France
	March 31-April 1	Military coup d'état overthrows president in Brazil
	April 20	Johnson & Khrushchev both announce plans to cut back production of materials for making nuclear weapons
	May 27	Colombian conflict begins
	July 4	Rhodesian Bush war begins
	July 4	Malawi becomes independent
	August 4	The Gulf of Tonkin incident
	September 21	Malta becomes independent
	September 24	Mozambican war of independence
	October 12	First spaceflight to carry multiple crewman into orbit on Voskhod 1
	October 14	Leonid Brezhnev succeeds Khrushchev as leader of USSR
	October 16	China tests its first atomic bomb
	October 24	Zambia becomes independent
	November 28	Mariner 4 was launched

1960s (part 2)

1965	January 24	Churchill dies
	February 18	The Gambia becomes independent
	March 18	Alexei Leonov conducts the first extravehicular activity or spacewalk in history from his spacecraft, Voskhod 2 in space
	March 23	Ranger 9 transmitted live footage of the surface of the Moon before crashing into its surface
	April 24	Dominican civil war
	June 3	Ed White conducts the first American spacewalk from his spacecraft, Gemini IV
	July 14-15	Mariner 4 successfully takes pictures of the surface of Mars
	August 5	Beginning of the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965
	August 9	Singapore gains independence after being expelled from Malaysia
	October 1	30 September movement in Indonesia
	November 1	Chadian Civil War was waged between rebels and the Chadian government
	November 11	Rhodesia declares independence
	November	Venera 3 was launched
	December 4	The Gemini 7 completes 206 orbits around the Earth, equating to roughly one trip to the Moon
1966	January 31	Luna 9 is launched
	February 3	Luna 9 successfully lands on the Moon becoming the first spacecraft to softly land on another extraterrestrial body
	March 1	Venera 3 becomes the first man-made object to impact another planet
	March 10	France withdraws from NATO command structure
	May 8	China detonates a third nuclear device
	May 26	Guyana becomes independent
	May 30	Surveyor 1 is launched
	June 2	Surveyor 1 becomes the first American spacecraft to softly land on another extraterrestrial body
	August 11	The Jakarta accord is signed
	August 26	South African Border War begins
	September 30	Botswana becomes independent
	October 5	Beginning of low-level armed clashes in Korean DMZ between North Korea and South Korea backed by the United States
	November 30	Barbados becomes independent
1967	March 11	Cambodian civil war begins
	April 25	33 Latin American and Caribbean countries sign the Treaty of Tlatelolco
	May 18	Yuri Andropov becomes chairman of the KGB
	May 23	Egypt blocks the Straits of Tiran, then expels UN peacekeepers and moves its army into the Sinai Peninsula in preparation for possible attack on Israel
	May 25	Uprising in Naxalbari, India marking the expansion of Maoism as a violent, anti-US and anti-Soviet, revolutionary movement across a number of developing countries
	May 30	Nigerian state of Biafra secedes from the rest of Nigeria, declaring itself as the Republic of Biafra.
	June 5	In response to Egypt's aggression, Israel invades the Sinai Peninsula, beginning the Six-Day War
	June 17	China detonates its first hydrogen bomb
	June 23	US President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for a three-day summi
	July 1	Beginning of the war of attrition
	July 6	The Nigerian civil war begins
	August 8	Bangkok Declaration is established to quell the communist threat in Southeast Asia. This creates ASEAN.
	October 8	Che Guevara is captured in Bolivia by U.S. trained Bolivian rangers
	October 9	Che Guevara is executed after being captured the day before
1968	January 30	Tet Offensive in South Vietnam begins
	March 1	The years of Lead start in Italy with the Battle of Valle Giulia clash between far-right and far-left militants
	March 12	Mauritius becomes independent
	March 18	The Moro conflict begins in Southern Philippines
	March 30	Johnson suspends bombings over North Vietnam and announces he is not running for reelection
	June 8	Tet Offensive ends; while an American military victory, it raises questions over America's military chances in Vietnam
	June 17	Second Malayan Emergency begins
	July 1	Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is opened for signature
	July 17	Abdul Rahman Arif, the President of Iraq at that time was overthrown by a coup
	August 20	Prague Spring Reforms in Communist Czechoslovakia result in Warsaw Pact, led by Soviet Red Army, crushing Czechoslovakian revolt
	September 6	Swaziland becomes independent
	October 3	Peruvian General Juan Velasco Alvarado overthrows President Fernando Belaunde Terry in a military coup
	October 12	Equatorial Guinea becomes independent
	December 21-27	The launch of Apollo 8, the first crewed spaceflight to enter the gravitational influence of another celestial body and to orbit the Moon. The crew would complete ten orbits, then return to Earth without landing on the Moon
1969	January 20	Richard Nixon becomes President of the United States
	March 2	Border clashes between the Soviet Union and China
	March 17	US begins bombing Communist sanctuaries in Cambodia
	July 16	Apollo 11 is launched
	July 20	US accomplishes the first crewed Moon landing, Apollo 11
	July 24	Apollo 11 returns to Earth
	July 25	"Vietnamization" begins with U.S. troop withdrawals from Vietnam and the burden of combat being placed on the South Vietnamese
	September 1	Muammar Gaddafi overthrows the Libyan monarchy and expels British and American personnel. Libya aligns itself with the Soviet Union
	September 2	North Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh dies. It was a significant and decisive event for both the Vietnam War and the Sino-Soviet border conflict
	October 21	Siad Barre overthrows the government of Somalia in a bloodless coup. He declares himself President of Somalia and reorganizes the country into a one-party communist state; the Somali Democratic Republic
	November 17	Strategic Arms Limitation Talks begin in Helsinki
	November 27-December 6	The al-Wadiah War was fought between South Yemen and Saudi Arabia
	December 12	The Piazza Fontana bombing in Milan Italy during the years of lead

1970s (part 1)

1970s	January 15	Nigerian civil war ends
	March 5	Treaty on the non proliferation of nuclear weapons enters into force
	March 18	Lon Nol takes power in Cambodia and establishes the Khmer Republic
	August 7	War of Attrition ends with a ceasefire
	August 12	USSR & West Germany sign treaty of Moscow
	August 17	Venera 7 is launched
	September 6	Black September begins in Jordan
	October 24	Salvador Allende becomes president of Chile after being confirmed by the Chilean congress
	November 18	United States' aid to Cambodia to support the Lon Nol regime begins
	December 15	Venera 7 lands on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to softly land on another planet
1971	January 25	Idi Amin launches a successful coup d'état against Milton Obote in Uganda
	February 8	South Vietnamese forces enter Laos to briefly cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail
	February 11	Seabed Arms Control Treaty is signed
	March 10	Dominion of Ceylon declared under emergency conditions after communist People's Liberation Front attacks the American embassy
	March 25	Bangladeshi genocide from the West Pakistani Troops until 16 December
	March 26	Bangladeshi Declaration of Independence And Bangladesh Liberation War Begin
	April 19	Salyut 1 is launched becoming the first space station
	May 15	Anwar Sadat's Corrective Revolution purges Nasserist members of the government and security forces, and eventually expels Soviet military from Egypt
	May 28	Mars 3 is launched
	May 30	Mariner 9 is launched
	July 19-22	A communist-backed coup attempted unsuccessfully against Jaafar Nimeiry in Sudan
	September	105 Soviet officials expelled from Great Britain by Prime Minister Edward Heath in Operation FOOT
	September 3	Four-Power Agreement on Berlin is signed by the UK, USSR, France, and US
	September 11	Khrushchev dies
	October 11	Salyut 1 burns up in the atmosphere
	October 25	United Nations General Assembly passes Resolution 2758, recognizing the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of China, causing Taiwan to lose its membership
	October 26	Mathieu Kérékou takes control of the Republic of Dahomey, renaming it Benin and declaring it a Marxist–Leninist state
	November 14	Mariner 9 arrives at Mars orbit becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet
	December 2	Mars 3 arrives in Mars orbit and deploys its lander. The lander is successful in becoming the first spacecraft to softly land on Mars but transmits for 20 seconds before losing contact
	December 3	India enters the Bangladesh Liberation War after Pakistan launches preemptive air strikes on Indian airfields
1972	February 21	Nixon visits China, the first visit by a U.S. president since the establishment of the People's Republic of China
	March 30	Viet Cong oes to the offensive in South Vietnam, only to be repulsed by the South Vietnamese regime with major American air support
	April	Mass killings known as the Ikiza occurred in Burundi committed by the Tutsi-dominated army against the Hutus
	April 10	Biological Weapons Convention is signed banning the production, development and stockpiling of biological weapons
	May 26	Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) agreement signals the beginning of détente between the U.S. and USSR
	September 1	Bobby Fischer defeats Russian Boris Spassky in a chess match in Reykjavík, Iceland, becoming the first official American chess champion
	September 2-28	Summit Series, an ice hockey tournament between Canada and Soviet Union.
	September 21	Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos declares martial law, officially in response to the growing communist threat in the Philippines
	September 26	Short border war occurred between the Yemen Arab Republic and South Yemen
	December 18	Richard Nixon announces the beginning of a massive bombing campaign in North Vietnam
1973	January 27	Paris Peace Accords end American involvement in the Vietnam War
	February	Balochi separatists launched a five-year long guerilla war against the Pakistani government in order to create a separate Balochistan nation
	February 21	Vientiane Treaty is signed as a cease-fire agreement for the Laotian Civil War.
	June 21	West Germany and East Germany are each admitted to the United Nations
	July 10	The Bahamas becomes independent
	September 11	Chilean coup d'état
	October 6	Yom Kippur War — Israel is attacked by Egypt and Syria, the war ends with a ceasefire
	October 14	Uprising in Thailand
	October 22	Egypt defects to the American camp by accepting a U.S. cease-fire proposal during the October 1973 war
	November 11	Soviet Union announces that, because of its opposition to the recent overthrow of the government of Chilean President Salvador Allende, it will not play a World Cup Soccer match against the Chilean team if the match is held in Santiago
1974	February 7	Grenada becomes independent
	April 25	Portuguese Armed Forces revolt against the authoritarian regime of Estado Novo
	June	SEATO formally ends after France leaves the organization
	June 26	NATO holds a summit in Brussels, the first one since 1957 to be held
	June 28	Moscow summit begins
	July 20	Turkey invaded Cyprus after the coup d'état conducted by the Greek junta
	August 9	Gerald Ford becomes President of the United States upon the resignation of Nixon
	September 4	United States and East Germany begin diplomatic relations
	September 12	Pro-Western monarch of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, is ousted by a Marxist military junta known as the Derg
	November 24	SALT II Agreement is drafted at the Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control

1970s (part 2)

1975	January 3	The trade act of 1974 is signed into law in US
	April 13	Lebanese civil war begins
	April 18	Beginning of the Cambodian genocide
	April 30	North Vietnam wins the Vietnam War. The South Vietnam regime falls with the surrender of Saigon and the two countries are united under a Communist government
	May 12	The Mayagüez incident
	June 8	Venera 9, a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus, is launched
	June 25	Portugal withdraws from Angola and Mozambique, where Marxist governments are installed, the former with backing from Cuban troops. Civil war engulfs both nations
	July 5	Cape Verde becomes independent
	July 6	Comoros becomes independent
	July 12	São Tomé & Príncipe becomes independent
	July 15	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project takes place. It is the first joint flight of the US and Soviet space programs. The mission is seen as a symbol of détente and an end to the "space race"
	August 1	Helsinki Final Act of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe signed by the United States, Canada, the Soviet Union and Europe
	October 9	Andrei Sakharov is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
	October 30	Western Sahara War begins between Morocco, Mauritania and Polisario Front
	November	Beginning of Operation Condor in South America
	November 11	Angolan Civil War begins immediately after Angola achieved independence from Portugal
	November 20	Francisco Franco dies
	November 25	Suriname officially gains independence
	November 28	After a small-scale civil war, Timor-Leste underthe Fretilin declares its independence
	November 29	Pathet Lao takes power in Laos
	December 7	Operation Seroja, the Indonesian National Armed Forces invades East Timor
1976	January 8	Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai dies of cancer
	February	Soviet and Cuban forces install a communist government in Angola
	March 24	National Reorganization Process takes power in Argentina following a successful military coup
	May 4	Corsican conflict begins, with the aim of an independent Corsican state against the French government by Corsican nationalists
	June 29	Seychelles becomes independent
	July 2	Vietnam was reunited
	July 20	Military personnel withdraw from Thailand
	September 1	Inception of Safari Club
	September 9	Death of Mao Zedong
	December 4	Insurgency in Aceh begins
1977	January 1	Charter 77 is signed by Czechoslovakian intellectuals
	January 20	Jimmy Carter becomes President of the United States
	March 8	A rebellion occurred in the Shaba Province, Zaire
	May 30	Mozambican Civil War begins
	June 6	US Secretary of State Cyrus Vance assures skeptics that the Carter administration will hold the Soviet Union accountable for its recent crackdowns on human rights activists
	June 27	Djibouti becomes independent
	June 30	The Carter administration cancels the planned Rockwell B-1 Lancer bomber
	July 21-24	Egypt and Libya fought a war at the Egyptian-Libyan border
	July 23	Ogaden War begins when Somalia attacks Ethiopia
1978	January 29	Chadian–Libyan conflict begins over the Aouzou Strip
	March 15	Ogaden War ends with a cease-fire
	March 16	Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro is kidnapped in Rome by a far-left extremist terrorist group called the Red Brigades. His body would be found on the 9th of May after 55 days of captivity
	April 27	President of Afghanistan Sardar Mohammed Daoud's government is overthrown when he is murdered in a coup led by pro-communist rebels.
	May 11	The second rebellion in the Shaba Province, Zaire occurred
	October 1	Tuvalu becomes independent
	November 3	Dominica becomes independent
	December 18	Deng Xiaoping announces the reform and opening up of China.
	December 25	Communist regime is installed in Afghanistan. Vietnam invades Cambodia
1979	January 1	United States and China normalize diplomatic relations
	January 7	Vietnam deposes the Khmer Rouge and installs a pro-Vietnam, pro-Soviet government known as the People's Republic of Kampuchea
	January 16	Iranian Revolution ousts the pro-Western Shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, and installs a theocracy under Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The Central Treaty Organization dissolves as a result
	February 17	Sino-Vietnamese War, China launches a punitive attack on Vietnam to punish it for invading Cambodia
	February 22	Saint Lucia becomes independent
	February 24	A war broke out between Yemen Arab Republic and South Yemen
	May 4	Margaret Thatcher is elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, becoming the first female to lead a major Western democracy
	May 9	Civil war breaks out in El Salvador between Marxist-led insurgents and the U.S.-backed government.
	June 2	Pope John Paul II begins his first pastoral visit to his native Poland
	June 18	President Jimmy Carter and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II agreement
	July 3	President Carter signs the first directive for financial aid to opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul, Afghanistan
	July 16	Saddam Hussein becomes President of Iraq after Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr steps down
	July 17	Marxist-led Sandinista revolutionaries overthrow the U.S.-backed Somoza dictatorship in Nicaragua. The Contra insurgency begins shortly thereafter
	August 3	Francisco Macias Nguema was deposed by a coup led by Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
	September	Nur Mohammed Taraki, The Marxist president of Afghanistan, is deposed and murdered. The post of president is taken up by Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin
	November 4	Islamist Iranian students take over the American embassy in support of the Iranian Revolution. The Iran hostage crisis lasts until January 20, 1981
	November 20-December 4	Juhayman al-Otaybi and his followers seized the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
	December 12	NATO Double-Track Decision – NATO offers mutual limitation of ballistic missiles combined with the threat that in case of disagreement NATO would deploy more middle-range nuclear weapons in Western Europe
	December 21	Rhodesian Bush War ends with the signing of the Lancaster House Agreement. Zimbabwe is granted independence
	December 24	Soviet Union invades Afghanistan to oust Hafizullah Amin, beginning the Soviet–Afghan War and resulting in the end of Détente

1980s (part 1)

1980s	January 3-4	Carter withdraws the SALT II treaty from Senate confirmation
	January 27	The Carter doctrine commits the US to defending the Gulf States
	February 13	Britain's MI6 commences its indirect and direct covert operations in Afghanistan, to support the Afghan mujahideen against Soviet intervention
	February 25	A military coup occurred in Suriname eventually lead to the establishment of a military regime in the country
	March 21	United States and its allies boycott the 1980 Summer Olympics (July 15 – August 3) in Moscow
	April 17	Robert Mugabe becomes Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
	April 30	Iranian Embassy in London is taken over by DRFLA militants starting a 6-day-long hostage situation
	May 4	Josip Broz Tito, communist leader of Yugoslavia since 1945, dies at the age of 87 in Ljubljana
	May 17	Peru begins experiences a civil conflict between the government and the Marxist–Leninist guerilla groups, most notably the Shining Path
	May 18-27	An anti-government uprising occurred in Gwangju, South Korea
	July 3	CIA begins Operation Cyclone - a program to arm and finance the Afghan mujahideen fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan
	August 31	In Poland, the Gdańsk Agreement is signed after a wave of strikes which began at the Lenin Shipyards in Gdańsk. The agreement allows greater civil rights, such as the establishment of a trade union, known as Solidarity, independent of communist control
	September 22	Saddam's Iraq started to invade Iran, which ignites the Iran–Iraq War
	October 23	Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin resigns due to ill-health; he dies on December 18
1981	January 17	Martial law was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos in preparation for the visit of Pope John Paul II.
	January 20	Ronald Reagan inaugurated 40th President of the United States. Reagan is elected on a platform opposed to the concessions of détente. Also that day the Iran hostage crisis ends
	April 1	United States suspends economic aid to Nicaragua
	April 6	Somaliland War of Independence was waged by the Somali National Movement in northern Somalia
	August 19	Gulf of Sidra Incident: Libyan planes attack U.S. jets in the Gulf of Sidra, which Libya has illegally annexed. Two Libyan jets are shot down; no American losses are suffered
	September 21	Belize becomes independent from the UK. 1,500 British soldiers remain to deter Guatemala from attacking the country over territorial disputes
	October 6	President Anwar Sadat of Egypt is shot and killed in Cairo during the annual victory parade
	October 27	A Soviet submarine, the U137, runs aground not far from the Swedish naval base at Karlskrona.
	November 23	US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) begins to support anti-Sandinista Contras
	December 13	Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski, having been appointed First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party, introduces martial law, which drastically restricts normal life, in an attempt to crush the Solidarity trade union and the political opposition against communist rule
1982	February 24	President Ronald Reagan announces the "Caribbean Basin Initiative" to prevent the overthrow of governments in the region by the forces of communism
	March 22	President Ronald Reagan signs P.L. 97-157 denouncing the government of the Soviet Union that it should cease its abuses of the basic human rights of its citizens.
	April 2	Argentina invades the Falkland Islands, starting the Falklands War
	May 30	Spain joins NATO
	June 6	Israel invades Lebanon to end raids and clashes with Syrian troops based there
	June 14	Falkland Islands liberated by British task force. End of the Falklands War
	November 10	Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev
	November 14	Yuri Andropov becomes General Secretary of the Soviet Union
1983	January	Soviet spy Dieter Gerhardt is arrested in New York
	March 8	In speech to the National Association of Evangelicals, Reagan labels the Soviet Union an "evil empire"
	March 23	Reagan proposes the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI, or "Star Wars")
	June 5	Second Sudanese Civil War begins
	July 7	Ten-year-old American child Samantha Smith accepts the invitation of Soviet leader Yuri Andropov and visits the Soviet Union with her parents. Smith had written to Andropov to ask if he would "vote to have a war or not?". Smith's letter, published in the Soviet newspaper Pravda, prompted Andropov to reply and invite the girl to the USSR. The widely publicized event leads to other Soviet–American cultural exchanges
	July 22	Martial law in Poland is lifted
	July 23	Sri Lankan Civil War begins between the LTTE and the Sri Lankan government
	July 30	Sri Lankan government bans all its major communist parties claiming they were involved in ethnic riots, Soviet Union intervenes to unban the parties
	August 4	Thomas Sankara overthrows Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo and becomes president. He also renamed the country of Upper Volta to Burkina Faso a year later
	August 21	Former senator Benigno "Ninoy" S. Aquino was assassinated at Manila International Airport
	September 1	Cvilian Korean Air Lines Flight 007, with 269 passengers, including U.S. Congressman Larry McDonald, is shot down by Soviet interceptor aircraft
	September 26	The 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident occurs
	October 25	US forces invade the Caribbean island of Grenada in an attempt to overthrow the Communist government, expel Cuban troops, and abort the construction of a Soviet-funded airstrip
	November 2	Exercise Able Archer 83 – Soviet anti-aircraft misinterpret a test of NATO's nuclear warfare procedures as a fake cover for an actual NATO attack; in response, Soviet nuclear forces are put on high alert
	December 10	National Reorganization Process military junta of Argentina is dissolved by democratically elected president Raúl Alfonsín
1984	January	Reagan outlines foreign policy which reinforces his previous statements
	January 1	Brunei gains independence
	February 13	Konstantin Chernenko is named General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party.
	May 24	Congress ratifies the Boland Amendment banning U.S. aid to the contras
	June 1-10	Operation Blue Star begins
	July 28	Various allies of the Soviet Union boycott the 1984 Summer Olympics (July 28 – August 12) in Los Angeles
	August 11	During a microphone sound check for his weekly radio address, President Ronald Reagan jokes about bombing the Soviet Union. "My fellow Americans", Reagan says. "I'm pleased to tell you today that I've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever. We begin bombing in five minutes." The quip is not aired but is leaked to the press. The Soviet Union temporarily puts its defense forces on high alert
	October 31	Indira Gandhi assassinated
	December 16	Margaret Thatcher and the UK government, in a plan to open new channels of dialog with Soviet leadership candidates, meet with Mikhail Gorbachev at Chequers.

1980s (part 2)

1985	February 6	Reagan Doctrine commits the United States of America to supporting anti-Communist insurgencies in the Third World
	March 10	General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Konstantin Chernenko dies
	March 11	Mikhail Gorbachev becomes leader of the Soviet Union
	March 15	Military rule ends in Brazil
	March 24	Major Arthur D. Nicholson, a US Army Military Intelligence officer is shot to death by a Soviet sentry in East Germany. He is listed as the last US casualty in the Cold War
	April 11	Enver Hoxha dies. Ramiz Alia takes over as First Secretary of the Party of Labor of Albania, becoming the de facto leader of Albania
	April 22	Trial of the Juntas convenes to prosecute the members of the National Reorganization Process (the military junta that governed Argentina from 1976 to 1983) for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during its existence
	May 20	John Anthony Walker is arrested by the FBI
	August 6	Coinciding with the 40th anniversary of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet Union begins what it has announced is a 5-month unilateral moratorium on the testing of nuclear weapons. The Reagan administration dismisses the dramatic move as nothing more than propaganda and refuses to follow suit. Gorbachev declares several extensions, but the United States fails to reciprocate, and the moratorium comes to an end on February 5, 1987
	November 21	Reagan and Gorbachev meet for the first time at a summit in Geneva, Switzerland, where they agree to two (later three) more summits
1986	January 13	South Yemen civil war begins
	February 13	France launches Operation Epervier in an effort to repulse the Libyan invasion of Chad
	February 25	People Power Revolution takes place in the Philippines, overthrowing President Ferdinand Marcos. The Philippines' first female president, Corazon Aquino, was installed as president
	April 15	US planes bomb Libya in Operation El Dorado Canyon
	April 26	Chernobyl disaster: a Soviet nuclear power plant in the Ukraine explodes, resulting in the worst nuclear power plant accident in history
	July 22	Surinamese Interior War occurs.
	October 11-12	Reykjavik Summit: a breakthrough in nuclear arms control
	October 19	The pro-Marxist interim President of Mozambique, Samora Machel, is killed when the aircraft he is travelling in crashes in South Africa
	November 3	Iran–Contra affair: the Reagan administration publicly announces that it has been selling arms to Iran in exchange for hostages and illegally transferring the profits to the Contra rebels in Nicaragua
1987	January 16	Natives within the Party who oppose his policies of economic redevelopment (Perestroika). It is Gorbachev's hope that through initiatives of openness, debate and participation, that the Soviet people will support Perestroika
	February 25	Phosphorite War breaks out in Estonia
	April 15	An insurrection occurred in Sri Lanka by the Marxist–Leninist group, JVP.
	June 12	During a visit to West Berlin, U.S. President Ronald Reagan challenges Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in a speech: "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" (The Berlin Wall)
	June 15	Famous Italian Singer and Songwriter Adriano Celentano lands in Moscow to present his movie Joan Lui in Soviet theaters, another step that opens the Soviet world to the Western one
	September 10	Battle of Cuito Cuanavale, Angola begins and further intensifies the South African Border War
	September 30	Mohammad Najibullah becomes President of Afghanistan and implements a policy of National Reconciliation as a means of putting an end to the Soviet–Afghan War as well as beginning an end to Soviet influence in the country
	December	A short war was fought between Thailand and Laos
	December 8	Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C. by U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Some later claim this was the unofficial beginning of the end of the Cold War. Gorbachev agrees to START I treaty
	December 9	First Intifada was waged by Palestinians against the Israeli government
1988	February 20	First Nagorno-Karabakh War was fought between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
	February 22	USS Yorktown and USS Caron are rammed off the Crimean Peninsula after entering Soviet territorial waters
	May 11	Kim Philby (Harold Adrian Russell Philby), the high-ranking UK intelligence officer who defected to the Soviet Union, dies in Moscow
	May 15	Soviets begin withdrawing from Afghanistan
	May 29-June 1	Reagan and Gorbachev meet in Moscow. INF Treaty ratified. When asked if he still believes that the Soviet Union is still an evil empire, Reagan replies he was talking about "another time, another era"
	October 5	Chile's Augusto Pinochet loses a national plebiscite on his rule
	November 3	A coup attempt occurred in the Maldives
	November 6	Soviet scientist and well-known human rights activist Andrei Sakharov begins a two-week visit to the United States
	November 15	State of Palestine was formally established through the Palestinian Declaration of Independence
	December 7	Gorbachev announces in a speech to the United Nations General Assembly that the Soviet Union will no longer militarily interfere with Eastern Europe
	December 22	South Africa withdraws from South West Africa (Namibia)
1989	January 4	Gulf of Sidra incident between America and Libya, similar to the 1981 Gulf of Sidra incident
	January 7	Emperor Hirohito dies, marking the end of the Showa era in Japan
	January 11	Communist Hungary introduces political reforms
	January 19	The trade union Solidarity is legalized by the Polish government
	January 20	George H. W. Bush is inaugurated as 41st President of the United States
	February 2	Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan
	February 3	Alfredo Stroessner was deposed in a coup led by Andrés Rodríguez
	February 14	Contra war effectively ends with the Tesoro Beach Accords happening in El Salvador with Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua participating
	February 15	Afghan Civil War begins after Soviet troops withdrawing from Afghanistan
	February 19-21	Jakarta Informal Meeting II was held in Jakarta
	March 26	Soviet Union holds the first round of legislative elections to the Congress of People's Deputies
	June 3	Ayatollah Khomeini dies
	June 4	Tiananmen Square Massacre: Beijing protests are crushed by the communist Chinese government, resulting in an unknown number of deaths
	June 4	Elections in Poland show complete lack of backing for the Communist Party; Solidarity trade union wins all available seats in the Parliament and 99% in the Senate
	August 19	Opening of the border gate between Austria and Hungary at the Pan-European Picnic set in motion a chain reaction, at the end of which there was no longer a GDR and the Eastern Bloc had disintegrated
	August 23	Baltic Way: independence protesters in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania set up a human chain across the three Baltic states, from Tallinn to Vilnius via Riga
	August	Parliament in Poland elects Tadeusz Mazowiecki as leader of the first non-communist government in the Eastern Bloc
	October 7	Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, the ruling party of Hungary, is dissolved
	October 18	Hungarian constitution is amended to allow a multi-party political system and elections. In East Germany, the nearly 20-year term of communist leader Erich Honecker comes to an end.
	November 7	Civil unrest occurred in Moldova
	November 9	Revolutions of Eastern Europe: Soviet reforms have allowed Eastern Europe to change the Communist governments there. The Berlin Wall is breached when Politburo spokesman, Günter Schabowski, not fully informed of the technicalities or procedures of the newly agreed lifting of travel restrictions, mistakenly announces at a news conference in East Berlin that the borders have been opened
	November 10	Todor Zhivkov, the Communist leader of Bulgaria, is removed from office after 35 years in power
	November 17-28	Velvet Revolution brought the end of the authoritarian one-party rule in Czechoslovakia
	December 2	End of the Second Malayan Emergency with the Peace Agreement of Hat Yai 1989
	December 3	At the end of the Malta Summit, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and US President George H. W. Bush declare that a long-lasting era of peace has begun. Many observers regard this summit as the official beginning of the end of the Cold War
	December 10	Mongolian Revolution begins when Mongolians held peaceful demonstrations to end the one-party rule in the country
	December 14	Democracy is restored in Chile
	December 16-25	Romanian Revolution: rioters overthrow the Communist government of Nicolae Ceauşescu, executing him and his wife, Elena. Romania was the only Eastern Bloc country to violently overthrow its Communist government or to execute its leaders
	December 20	United States invades Panama
	December 24	First Liberian Civil War begins
	December 25	Romanian Communist Party, the former ruling party of Romania, is dissolved
	December 29	Václav Havel becomes President of the now free Czechoslovakia

1990s

1990	January 19-20	Soviet troops kill at least 131 Azerbaijanis for demonstrating for independence in Baku
	January 30	The Polish United Workers' Party is dissolved, allowing democracy to be restored in Poland
	January 31	US operation just cause ends
	February 12-14	The Dushanbe riots occurred in Tajikistan
	March 11	Lithuania declares independence from USSR
	April 3	Bulgarian communist party is dissolved
	May 22	North & South Yemen unified
	May 29	Boris Yeltsin becomes president of Russia
	May 30	The Washington summit begins
	June 12	Russia issues the declaration of sovereignty but never officially declares its independence from the USSR
	August 2	Gulf war begins
	August 20	Estonia declares independence from USSR
	August 23	Armenia declares independence from USSR
	October 1	Rwandan civil war begins
	October 3	Germany is reunified
	October 4	Mozambican civil war ends
	October 15	Gorbachev is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
	October 25	Kazakhstan issues a declaration on state sovereignty
	November 2	The Transnistria war begins in Moldova
	November 21	The Paris Charter is ratified
	December 23	Slovenia holds an independence referendum with a majority vote in favour
1991	January 5	First South Ossetia war begins
	January 26	Start of Somali civil war
	February 9	Lithuania holds independence referendum with majority voting in favour
	February 28	Gulf War ends
	March 1	Post Gulf war uprisings in Iraq occurred
	March 3	Estonia & Latvia hold independence referendum with majority voting to restore independence
	March 23	Sierra Leone civil war begins
	March 31	Georgia holds an independence referendum with majority voting for independence but is boycotted by most Abkhazians & South Ossetians
	March 31	The Croatian war of independence
	April 9	Georgia declares independence from USSR
	May 19	Croatia holds independence referendum with majority voting in favour
	June 12	Party of Labour of Albania is dissolved
	June 27	Slovenia fought a ten day war against Yugoslavia
	July 1	Warsaw pact is dissolved
	July 31	The START I treaty is ratified
	August 19	Soviet coup attempt of 1991
	August 22	The Soviet coup is ended
	August 24	Ukraine declares independence from USSR
	August 25	Belarus declares independence from USSR
	August 27	Moldova declares independence from USSR
	August 31	Uzbekistan declares independence from USSR
	August 31	Kyrgyzstan declares independence from USSR
	September	1991 Zaire unrest occurred
	September 7	Macedonia holds an independence referendum with majority voting in favour
	September 9	Tajikistan declares independence from USSR
	September 21	Armenia holds independence referendum with majority voting in favour
	October 26	Turkmenistan holds an independence referendum with a majority voting in favour
	October 27	Turkmenistan declares independence from USSR
	October 31	Djiboutian civil war begins
	November 1	Chechnya declares sovereignty
	November 12	The Indonesian Army massacred at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence protesters during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor
	December 1	Ukraine holds an independence referendum with a majority voting in favor
	December 16	Kazakhstan declares its full independence from the Soviet Union
	December 22	The Georgian civil war begins
	December 25	Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as President of the USSR, The flag of the Soviet Union is lowered for the last time over the Kremlin and is later replaced by the Russian flag
	December 26	The Council of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dissolves the Soviet Union

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Published: 5th August, 2024

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