Cheatography
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Oxygen Usage DefinitionsObligate Aerobe | Needs O2
-Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Bacillus | Facultative | Grows with or without O2
-Staph, Strep, Enterobacteriaceae | Microaerophilic | Only requires a small amount of O2
-Borrelia | Obligate Anaerobe | Can't survive in O2
-C. diff |
Anaerobic BasicsBasic Reservoirs | -Abscesses
-Body Fluid
-Mouth
-Deep Wound
-Intestine
-UTI | Examples of Infections/Diseases caused by Anaerobes | -Dental Infection
-C.diff
-Deep wound
-Gangrene
-Necrotic Tissue
-Botulism |
Aerotolerance Testing1. CDC BA colony plate with growth | 2. Sub to regular BA and another CDC BA plate | 3. See if they are anaerobes | If they grow on the regular BA and the CDC BA then they are not anaerobes |
Anaerobic BasicsBasic Reservoirs | -Abscesses
-Body Fluid
-Mouth
-Deep Wound
-Intestine
-UTI | Examples of Infections/Diseases caused by Anaerobes | -Dental Infection
-C.diff
-Deep wound
-Gangrene
-Necrotic Tissue
-Botulism |
| | SpecimensAppropriate Specimens | Aspirates, body fluid, tissues, suprapubic asspiration, drainage, brain abscesses, sinus aspirates | Inappropriate (rejected) specimens | Swab of anything, anythying respiratory b/c of normal flora, vaginal b/c normal flora, urine, stool | Anaerobic Media - All have no oxygen | CDC Blood Agar | Blood Agar without O2 | CCFA | Used for C. Diff. Both selective and differential | LKV agar | Laked blood and antibiotic. Has Vanco and Kanamycin, ONLY selective | Bacteroides Bile Esculin Agar | Special for Bacteroides fragilis. Selective and differential (20% bile tolerance) | Thioglycollate Broth | Broth media to grow bacteria. Can only grow medically significant organisms. Oxygen suppressed | Cooked Meat Glucose Broth | looks like has chunks of beef in it. Has glucose. Does same thing as thioglycollate broth | Incubation Environment | Gas Pack Jar | 85% N; 10% H; 5% CO2 | Anaerobic Chamber |
Gram Negative Bacilli| | Fusobacterium necrophorum | Fusobacterium nucleatum | Bile Tolerance (20% | - | - | Brick Red Fluorescence (UV) | - | - | Brown/black colonies on CDC | - | - | Vancomycin | R | R | Penicillin | R | R | Kanamycin | S | S | Lipase | + | - | Esculin | - | - |
Gram Negative Bacilli| | Bacteroides fragilis | Porphyromonas gingivalis | Prevotella melaninogenica | Bile Tolerance (20% Bile) | + | - | - | Brick Red Fluorescence (UV light) | - | + | + | Brown/Black Colonies on CDC | - | + | + | Vancomycin | R | S | R | Penicillin | R | S | R | Kanamycin | R | R | R | Lipase | - | - | - | Esculin | + | - | - |
Gram Positive BacilliCatalase Positive | Cutibacterium (former Propionibacterium) | - Moderate Growth Rate
- Diphtheroid Gram Stain | Catalase Negative | Actinomyces spp. | - Slow growth rate
- Filamentous, branching GPB | Lactobacillus | - Rapid Growth Rate{{nl}- Looping, chaining GPB
- Resistant to Vancomycin | Clostridium spp. | - Clostridium perfringens | - Lecithinase Positive
- cloudy around colony
- Double zone beta hemolysis
- Lipase negative
- Boxcar shape
- Gangrene | - Clostridium sporogenes | - Common in soil
- Comes from stool samples
- Lipase Positive
- Smells like bad dirt | - Clostridium difficile | - Should not be grown
- Do toxin testing and PCR
- Test of cure
- PCR can pick up dead DNA so it can be false positive
- If pt has firm stool, no longer transmissable | - Clostridium septicum | - Gangrene
- Spreading colony formation
- Subterminal Spores | - Clostridium tetani | - Cause of tetanus
- Club like
- Tennis racket like | - Clostridium tertium | - Aerotolerant
- Can grow in O2 |
Gram Positive CocciPeptostreptococcus | Catalase Negative | Staphylococcus saccharolyticus | Catalase Variable |
Gram Negative CocciVeillonella spp. | Sometimes in blood cultures from endocarditis |
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