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A brief explanation for psychologists in the following units: approaches, biopsychology and research methods.
Approaches
WUNDT |
introspection, structuralism |
FREUD |
psychodynamic approach |
WATSON |
introspection = subjective |
SKINNER |
behaviourist approach, operant conditioning - rats & pigeons in cages |
ROGERS & MASLOW |
humanistic approach |
BANDURA |
social learning theory, imitation of aggression (bobo doll) |
PAVLOV |
classical conditioning - salivating dogs |
DARWIN |
theory of evolution - natural selection |
MASLOW |
hierarchy of needs |
ROGERS |
congruence, client centre therapy |
Approaches Evaluation
BOWLBY |
early childhood experience influences later life |
FREUD |
little Hans |
POPPER |
falsifiability |
SEXTON & WHISTON |
client centre therapy effective for majority |
Biopsychology
BROCA |
Broca's area - speech production |
WERNICKE |
Wernicke's area - language comprehension |
MAGUIRE et al |
london taxi drivers |
DRAGANSKI et al |
medical students |
MECHELLI et al |
bilingual |
SPERRY |
split brain |
SIFFRE |
cave research |
ASCHOFF & WEVER |
WW2 bunker |
FOLKARD et al |
core body temp. |
MCCLINTOCK & STERN |
armpit -> lip =>synchronised periods |
DECOURSEY et al |
SCN destroyed in chipmunks |
CAMPBELL & MURPHY |
light on back of knees |
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Biopsychology Evaluation
PETERSON et al |
brain scan evidence (Wernicke+Broca's areas) |
TULVING et al |
brain scan evidence - diff. sides |
BEZZOLA et al |
golf training |
HUBEL & WIESEL |
sewn kitten's eye shut |
PUCETTI |
hemispheres functionally diff. => duality in brain |
BROCA & WERNICKE |
used post-mortem examinations |
SIFFRE |
one off, observed himself |
DECOURSEY et al |
destroyed SCN in chipmunks |
SCHANK |
competition for highest quality males |
DEMENT & KLEITMAN |
REM = dreaming |
DAMIOLA et al |
feeding patterns alter rhythms in mice |
MILES et al |
investigated young man (blind from birth) |
Rsearch Methods
LOCKE |
scientific = empirically tested |
POPPER |
falsifiability = key criteria |
KUHN |
paradigms |
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