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NORMAL VALUESpH | PCO2 | HCO3 | 7.35 - 7.45 | 35 - 45 | 21 - 28 |
METABOLIC ACIDOSISpH: | PCO2: | HCO3: | < 7.35 | Normal (35-45) | < 21 |
RISK FACTORSDiarrhea | Fever | Hypoxia | Starvation | Seizure | Renal failure | DKA | Dehydration | Overdose (salicylates or ethanol) |
| | MANIFESTATIONSBradycardia | Weak pulse | Hypotension | Tachypnea | Flaccid paralysis | Confusion | Hyporeflexia | Lethargy | Warm, flushed, dry skin | Kussmaul respirations |
INTERVENTIONSTreat underlying cause | Administer fluids, electrolytes |
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