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ISOTONICINDICATION: | CHARACTERISTICS: | SOLUTIONS: | Treatment of vascular system fluid deficit | Concentration equal to plasma | Normal saline (0.9% NS) | | | Prevent fluid shift between compartments | Lactated Ringer's (LR) | | | | 5% dextrose in water (D5W) |
HYPOTONICINDICATION: | CHARACTERISTICS: | SOLUTIONS: | Treatment of intracellular dehydration | Lower osmolality than the ECF | 0.45% normal saline (0.45% NS) | | | Shift fluid from ECF to ICF | 2.5% dextrose in 0.45% saline (D2.5 45% NS) |
| | HYPERTONICINDICATION: | CHARACTERISTICS: | SOLUTIONS: | Used only when serum osmolality is critically low | Osmolality higher than the ECF | 10% dextrose in water (D10W) | | | Shift fluid from ICF to ECF | 50% dextrose in water (D50W) | | | | 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (D5NS) | | | | 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline (D5W in 0.45% NaCl) | | | | 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringer's (D5LR) |
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