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Mitosis VS MeiosisMitosis | Cell Division | Produces Daughter Cells | Replaces Old Cells, Adds New | Meiosis | Production of Gametes | Produces Daughter Cells with 1/2 as many chromosomes as the starting cell. |
| | Patterns of InheritanceLaw of Dominance
One allele is dominant. It always shows unless it isn't present | Law of Segregation
During production of gametes, 2 copies of each allele separate. Therefore, one allele is needed from each parent. | Law of Independent Assortment
Individual alleles assort independently. This gives different traits equal chance of occurring together. | Incomplete dominance
Dominant allele partially expressed, resulting in an intermediate phenotype Example: Rr If Red is Dominant and White is recessive, the phenotype is pink. | Codominance
2 dominant alleles, Phenotype is neither dominant nor recessive. Example: In blood, types A and B are codominant, O is recessive. AB blood is therefore possible. | Sex-Linked Inheritance
A trait is associated with the X or Y chromosome. (Males can never be carrier). | Polygenic Inheritance
Multiple genes affect one trait Examples: Hair color, skin color, eye color) |
| | Patterns of Inheritance ExamplesLaw of Dominance | Pea Plants | Law of Segregation | Pea Plants | Law of IA | Mendelian Dyhybrid Cross (Peas) | Incomplete Dom. | Pink Roses | Codominance | AB Blood Type | Sex Linked Inheritance | Color Blindness, Muscular
Dystrophy, Hemophelia | Polygenic Inheritance | Skin/Eye/Hair Color | Epistasis | Red Hair, Albinism |
MutationsNondisjunction
failed separation of homologous chromosomes - aneuploidy (trisomy, polyploidy |
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