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definitionAll forms of communication are either verbal
or nonverbal.
Verbal messages uses words to convey
information to other people. They are either
vocal or nonvocal. |
Verbal CommunicationVocal – spoken language
Nonvocal – alternatives to vocal language,
e.g. written words, sign language or finger
spelling, Braille |
People interpret messages in different waysDepending on communicators’:
-relationship
-cultural values
-background/orientation
-beliefs |
Nonverbal to verbal communicationContradicts | Augments | Replaces | Repeats | Complements | Regulates | Substitutes |
human communicationSender: • Thinking • Encoding • Transmitting | Receiver: • Perceiving • Decoding • Understanding |
| | Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal communication entails
transmission of messages without the use of
words. (nonlinguistic)
Uses gestures, body movements, facial
expressions, etc. |
Types of Nonverbal communicationBody movement (Kinesics) | Social/physical space(Proxemics) | Touch (Tactile) | Time (chronemics) | Paralanguage | Silence | Physical appearance & Clothing (artifacts) | Eye behavior/movement (Occulesics) |
Nonverbal cues are especially important:– For identity management | – In defining our relationships (e.g., level of intimacy) | – For expressing emotions we don’t want to express, can’t express, or don’t know we’re feeling |
Nonverbal Messages:Present in all communications | Mean different things | May be intentional or unintentional | Provide information | May contradict verbal message | May outweigh verbal message | Depends on the total environment | May have positive or negative effects |
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