Skull:
22 bones (excluding ossicles of ear) |
Bones attached by sutures (immovable) and make up the cranium |
Cranium: Upper part, surrounds cranial cavity |
Facial Skeleton: Lower ant. part |
Calvaria: Paired Temporal bones, Paired Parietal bones, Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid and Occipital bones. |
Facial: Paired Nasal bones, Paired Zygomatic bones, Paired Palatine bones, Paired Lacrimal bones, Paired Maxillae, Paired Inter Nasal Conchae and Vomer. |
MANDIBLE = NOT PART OF CRANIUM OR FACIAL SKELETON |
Skull Anatomy: Inferior View
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Forehead: Landmarks
> Frontal Bone |
> Supraciliary Arches |
> Glabella |
> Supra-orbital Foramen/notch |
>Zygomatic process of Frontal Bone |
> Frontal Process of Zygomatic Bone |
Zygomatic and Nasal Bones:
Lower lateral rim of orbit and lateral part of inferior rim of orbit = formed by Zygomatic Bone |
Landmarks: |
> Frontal Nasal Suture (formed by articulation of nasal bones) |
> Nasion |
> Frontal Process of Maxilla |
> Piriform Apenture |
> Nasal Crests |
> Nasal Septum |
> Anterior Nasal Spine |
> Paired Inferior Nasal Conchae |
Mandible: External Surface Lateral View
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Mandible: Internal Surface
Mandible:
Most inferior structure in ant. view of skull |
Consists of: Body (ant.) and Ramus (post) - these 2 meet at angle of mandible |
Body: > Lower Part: base - has midline swelling (mental protuberance) where 2 left and right sides meet. >Upper part: Alveolar segment (contains teeth and tooth sockets) |
Mental foramen: visible between upper and border, between 1st and 2nd premolars, openings on ext. surface, passage for mental nerves and blood vessels. |
Oblique Ridge: passes from ramus onto body, point of attachment for muscles that depress lower lip. |
Condyler Process: Involved in articulation of mand. w/ glenoid fossa and temporal bone. |
Coronoid Process: Thin upward projections on ant. surface of ramus, attachment for temporalis muscle |
Mandibular Notch: Depress between coronoid processes and condyles |
Mandibular Foramen: Opening on inner surface of body, allow passage of Alveloar nerves and blood vessels. |
Lingula: Attachment for mandibular end of Sphenomandibular ligament |
Mandibular Symphasis: Verticle midline fusion between 2 embryonic ossification centers (form body). |
Mylohyoid Groove |
Rami: Flattened, projected upwards |
Angle: Where body joins ramus |
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Maxilla: Medial Frontal view
Maxilla:
Part of face, between orbit and upper teeth |
Upper jaw is formed by: Paired Maxillae |
Contribute superiorly to inferior and medial rims of orbit |
Zygomatic process = articulates with Zygomatic bone (medially) |
Frontal process = articulates with frontal bone |
Landmarks:
> Body of Maxilla
> Infra Orbital Foramen
> Alveolar Process
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