Show Menu
Cheatography
  1. Home >
  2. Cheat Sheets >

Oral Microbial Ecology Cheat Sheet by

Oral Ecosys­tem:

- Specific microbial species demons­trating tropism for specific tissues
- Microbial intera­ction with each other as well as with the oral enviro­nment

Form­ation of an Ecosys­tem:

Indi­genous Microb­iota:
Most numerous, Compatible with host
Supp­lem­ental Microb­iota:
Potent­ially pathog­enic, Can become invasive
Tran­sient Microb­iota:
Don't have mechanisms for persisting in the host

Oral Ecosys­tems:

Buccal epithe­lium:
Gram-p­ositive cocci
Lingual epithe­lium:
Gram-p­ositive filaments
Supr­agi­ngival tooth surface:
Faculative G+ rods and cocci
Subg­ingival tooth surface:
Anaerobic G- rods and cocci

Micr­oen­vir­onm­ents:

Supr­agi­ngi­val:

-Bathed in saliva
-Facul­atively anaerobic
-Increased mechanical disruption (swall­owing, abrasion)
Subg­ing­ival:

-Bathed in crevicular fluid
-Anaerobic
-Reduced mechanical disruption (anatomy of gingival sulcus)
 

Envi­ron­mental Factors:

Oxygen tension:
pO2, partial pressure of oxygen, mmHg
Redox Potent­ial:
Eh, tendency to acquire electrons and thus be reduced, mV
pH:
controlled by exogenous materials carboh­ydrate fermen­tation buffering capacity of plaque and saliva
Temp­era­ture:
variations
Avai­lab­ility of Nutrie­nts:
carboh­ydr­ates, amino acids (salivary glycop­rot­eins), hemin (plasma)

Host Fluids:

Anta­gon­ists
Syne­rgi­stic:
Nutrients from saliva and GCF
sIgA:
Interferes with coloni­sation
Glyc­opr­ote­ins:
Aggreg­ation and removal
Lact­ope­rox­ida­se:
Inacti­vation of glycolytic enzymes - death
Lact­ofe­rrin:
Binds iron limiting bacterial growth
Lyso­zyme:
Degrades bacterial peptid­oglycan
Host Suscep­tib­ili­ty:
- Geographic location
- Ethnicity and culture
- Diet
- Health and social status

Micr­obial Factors:

Adhe­ren­ce:
- Contact: proximity
- Dose: quantity of bacteria
- Frequency of exposure (eg newborns)
- Absorp­tion: initial reversible associ­ation with oral tissues
Rete­nti­on:
- Ability to accumulate at entry site
- Adaption
- Resist host defenses
- Compet­ition from other species
- Changing enviro­nments
 

Co-A­ggr­ega­tion:

Diff­erent species, or different strains of a single species, have distinct sets of coaggr­egation partners
Strept­ococcus spp. and Actino­myces spp., two of initial colonizing general on enamel surfaces
 
Fusoba­cba­cteria coaggr­egate w/ other human oral bacteria
 
Veillo­nella spp., Capnoc­yto­phaga spp. bind to strept­ococci/ actino­myces
Each coaggr­egation is mediated by one or more comple­mentary sets of adhesi­n-r­eceptor pairs

Coag­gre­gat­ion:

CoAg­gre­gation Compet­iti­on:
- Compet­ition occurs when multiple cell types recognize the same coggre­gation indicator mediator on the common coaggr­egation partner

Ecol­ogical Succes­sion:

Process by whereby a micr­obial population undergoes a continuous series of changes in compos­ition as different species colonise and become establ­ished at the expense of others.
As conditions change, the dominant m/o's will either adapt and be retained or will be superseded by a new species better equipped to survive the altered enviro­nme­nt.
 

Metadata

  • Languages:
  • Published: 10th September, 2018

Comments

No comments yet. Add yours below!

Add a Comment

Your Comment

Please enter your name.

    Please enter your email address

      Please enter your Comment.

          Related Cheat Sheets

          Introduction to Pharmacology Cheat Sheet
          Osteology of Maxilla and Mandible Cheat Sheet

          More Cheat Sheets by Carmilaa

          Principles of AMT Cheat Sheet