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31 Commonly Seen Drugs Cheat Sheet by

Amitriptyline, Carbamazepine, Codein, Fentanyl, Gabapentin, Ibuprofen, Morphine, Naproxen, Paracetamol, Tramadol

Common diseases

Gout
Hypert­ension
Infection
Pain
Depression
Migraine
Allergies
Hyperl­ipi­daemia
Spasticity
Asthma
COPD
Osteop­orosis
Epilepsy
Neurop­athic Pain
Bipolar Disorder
Anxiety
Stroke
Benign Prostatic Hyperp­lasia
Heart Failure
Thromb­oem­bolism
Gastro­-oe­sop­hageal Reflex
Hypoth­yro­idism
Hypert­hyr­oidism
Insomnia
Diabetes
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Psoriasis
Crohn's Disease
Autoim­munity
Cluster Headaches
Urolit­hiasis

Pharma­col­ogical treatment of pain

Acute pain?
Chronic pain?
Neurop­athic pain?
Pain + inflam­mation?
Pain + cancer?
Pain intensity?

Drugs for neurop­athic pain

Amitri­pty­line:
- Tricyclic antidepressant
- Increase brain serotonin
- Mood effects
Carbam­aze­pine:
- Decreases neuronal excitability
- Anti-e­pil­eptic
Gabapentin & pregab­alin:
- Decreases release of excitatory neurotransmitters
- Anti-e­pil­eptic

Drugs for hypert­ension

Amlodi­pine:
- Ca+ channel blocker (vasod­ila­tion)
Bendro­flu­met­hia­zide:
- Diuretic
Furose­mide:
- Diuretic
Lisinopril & Ramipril:
- Inhibits angiot­ens­in-­con­verting enzyme

Drugs for anxiety & depression

Amitri­ptyline
Carbam­azepine
Citalopram
Fluoxetine
Pregabalin
Setraline
Diazepam

Immuno­sup­pre­ssants

Steroids: Predni­solone & Dexame­thasone
Methot­rexate: used in autoimmune diseases

Drugs for migraines

Amitri­ptyline
Codeine
Sumatr­iptan: selective serotonin receptor agonist

Drugs that affect blood coagul­ation

Clopid­ogrel: inhibition of platelet aggreg­ation
Heparin: inacti­vation of thrombin & other coagul­ation factors
Rivaro­xaban: antico­agu­lant, anti-t­hro­mbotic
Warfarin: inhibition of K vitamin & synthesis of active clotting factors

Drugs for COPD

Beclom­eta­sone: steroid, asthma
Salbut­amol: bronch­odi­lator, asthma
 

NSAIDS for pain

Parace­tamol:
- Use: aches, mild-m­oderate pain, fever
- Brands names: Disprol, Hedex, Medinol, Panadol
- 1 tablet = 500mg; adult max. 8 tablets / 24 hours
- Safe during pregnancy & breast feeding
- Risk of overdose
- Unsafe in liver & kidney diseases
- Allergic reactions
- Side effects are rare
Ibuprofen:
- Use: pain & inflammation
- Brand names: Nurofen, Brufen, Calprofen, Fenbid, Ibugel, Ibuleve
- NSAID, reduces hormones that cause pain & inflam­mation, reduction of prosta­gla­ndins by COX (cyclo­oxi­genase) inhibition
- 1 tablet: 200 / 400 / 600mg; slow release 200 / 300 / 800mg; max, 1200g / 24 hours
- Stomach protection taken with it
- Not use if previous stomach bleeding, ulcer, severe heart failure, kidney failure, liver failure, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis
- Pts may have allergic reaction (dangerous)
- Side effects: feeling & being sick, stomach pain, tiredness or sleepi­ness, black faeces, blood in vomit, tinnitus (ringing in ears), difficulty breathing, arrhyt­hmias

Prescr­iption drugs for pain

Naproxen:
- Brand names: Naprosyn, Stirlescent
-Use: NSAID, pain & inflam­mation, RA, OA, gout, menstrual pain, back pain, sprains & strains
- Side effects: confusion, headache, tinnitus, changes in vision, tiredness, drowsi­ness, dizziness & rashes
- Pt takes stomach protection with them
Codeine:
- Opiate!
- When parace­tamol, ibuprofen & aspirin have not worked
- Short term treatment as there's risk of addiction
- Side effects: consti­pation, nausea & sleepiness
- Not suitable for all people
Tramadol:
- Brand names: Maxitram, Marol, Zydol, Zamadol, Tramulief, Tramquel
- Use: strong painki­ller, modera­te-­severe pain, post-operative
-Opiate / narcotic
-Side effects: sickness, dizziness, confusion
-Short term use, risk of dependence & withdrawal
Morphine:
- Use: severe pain, cancer pain
- Risk of addiction, controlled use
- Side effects: consti­pation, sickness, tiredness, dizziness, vertigo, confusion, headaches, skin rashes
Fentanyl:
- Controlled medicine, strong opiate, risk of addiction

Drugs for inflam­mation

- NSAIDS: Ibuprofen
- Steroids: Predni­solone & Dexame­tasone
Use: wide range of diseases
- Anti-inflammatory
- Immunosuppressant
- Short-term use
- Endocrine side effects

Drugs for diabetes

Metformin:
- enhance insulin sensit­ivity
Insulin

Drugs for specific disorders

Gout: Allopu­rinol
Infection: Amoxic­illin
Allergies: Anti-h­ist­aminics
Spasti­city: Baclofen
Osteop­orosis: Biphos­phonate
Benign prostatic hyperp­lasia: Tamsul­osin, Finast­eride, Dulast­eride
Gastro­-oe­sop­hageal reflux: Pump inhibitor
Hypoth­yro­idism: Levoth­yroxine
Insomnia: Melatonin
Menopause: Hormone replac­ement therapy
 

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