Network Components
Client |
end-user access |
Server |
provides resources to network |
Hub |
connects devices - rebroadcast data |
Switch |
idem but uses selective adressing (IP/MAC) |
Wireless Access Point |
(WAP) - wireless hub |
Media |
connecting media (cables, waves, electricity, ...) |
WAN Link |
DSL, Cable, leased lines, satellite, cellular, MW, ... |
Wired Network Topologies
can be |
physical (cabling) or logical (traffic flow) |
Bus |
backbone cable, old, single collision domain |
Ring |
circular loop, singular direction |
| |
token ring = devices wait their turn |
| |
FDDI (fiber) = 2-counter rotating, redundancy |
Star |
connected to central device, SPOF! |
Hub & Spoke |
Star topology with WAN i.o. LAN (hubs) |
Full-Mesh |
rendundant, everyone is connected, efficient, very expensive |
Partial-Mesh |
hybrid of Full-Mesh and Hub&Spoke |
Wireless Network Topologies
Infrastructure Mode |
most common, cenralized mgmt, uses wireless securtiy control |
Ad Hoc |
P2P connections, no routers |
Wireless Mesh Topology |
Different type of nodes or devices, client-routers-gatways |
|
|
Network Resources
Client/Server |
Def |
uses servers to provide access to files, printers, etc |
| |
+ |
centralized, easier mgmt, scalable |
| |
- |
high cost, dedicated resources, network operating system |
Peer-to-Peer |
Def |
Peers share resources directly to others |
| |
+ |
lower cost, no dedicated resource, no specialized system |
| |
- |
decentralized mgmt, inefficent for large NW, poor scalability |
Network Geography
PAN |
Personnal |
bluetooth, cellphone, usb drive, watch |
LAN |
Local |
limited distance, ethernet (802.3), WIFI (802.11), |
CAN |
Campus |
connects several buildings, camps, MIL bases, schools |
MAN |
Metropolitan |
up to 25-mile radius like city departments, community over a region |
WAN |
Wide |
across country, world, uing leased lines or VPN |
Internet of Things (IoT)
802.11 WIFI |
operates infrastructure or ad-hoc |
Bluetooth |
low energy, mesh network, pairing sys |
RFID |
electromagnetic fields, ie badge reader |
NFC |
RFID but 4cm range, more precise |
IR Infrared |
in line-of-sight |
Z-wave |
short range, low-latency data transfer for home automation |
Ant+ |
sensor data for remote control systems |
|
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