Cheatography
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English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Report
A report is an informative formal piece of writing concerning a particular person, place, situation, plan, etc. |
It is slightly different to an essay in the sense that it is a far more formal and professional way of conducting an analysis of your topic. |
statement of the results of an investigation or of any matter on which definite information is required - Oxford English Dictionary |
Types of Report
Laboratory report |
This type of report conveys and analyzes the results of a scientific experiment. |
Business report |
This analyzes a situation and uses business theory to provide solutions or recommendations. |
Case study report |
This examines a real-world situation (the 'case') and analyzes it using appropriate theory (the 'study'). |
Project report |
This briefly discusses project's objectives, budget, & outcomes |
Research report |
his gives the results of research which has been conducted, for example through surveys (via questionnaires or interviews). |
Progress report |
This informs a supervisor about progress on a project over a certain period of time. |
Design report |
This report is used by engineers and describes and evaluates a design used to solve a particular problem. |
Field Report |
Phenomena under study |
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These reports are used so that:
New ideas can be realized |
Point-of-view can be known and learned to be accepted |
Decisions can be made to help influence people's choice |
Alternative recommendations become available in crucial decision-making |
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Essential Elements of a Report
Title Page |
may include report title, purpose, writer's name and affiliation (school or company) |
Table of Contents |
pages are in cascading order |
List of abbreviations and/or glossary |
Executive summary / Abstract |
brief overview that stands alone |
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find info "at a glance" |
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summarize each section of report in 1-2 sentences |
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sometimes follows a required word count |
Introduction |
introduces topic and its background and significance |
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identifies specfic problem |
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defines any important terms used |
Body/Methodology |
includes results and discussions |
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treatment of problem is divided into different aspects |
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definition of problem, analysis of its features, stages, and/or causes, & proposals for diff. ways of managing the problem |
Conclusion |
summarizes report's main points |
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no new info here |
Recommendations |
present specific suggestions for action that arise from the analysis and findings of the report |
Bibliography/ Reference list |
alphabetical order |
Appendices |
table/figure/material that is too long but necessary |
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numbered and titled |
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included in table of contents |
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