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TCA cycle1 Cheat Sheet by

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Outline

Metabolism of Carboh­ydr­ates: Glycolysis and Glucon­eog­enesis , Citric Acid Cycle [Trica­rbo­xylic acid (TCA) cycle] [Krebs cycle]
Pyruvate Dehydr­ogenase Links Glycolysis to the Citric Acid Cycle
The Citric Acid Cycle Oxidizes Two-Carbon Units
Entry to the Citric Acid Cycle and Metabolism Through It Are Controlled
The Citric Acid Cycle Is a Source of Biosyn­thetic Precursors
The citric acid cycle is the final common pathway for the oxidation of fuel molecules.
Most fuel molecules enter the cycle as acetyl coenzyme A.
The function of the citric acid cycle is the harvesting of high energy electrons from carbon fuels.
The citric acid cycle itself neither generates a large amount of ATP nor includes oxygen as a reactant.

Overview of glucose aerobic oxidation

Overview of TCA cycle

  

Cellular respir­ation

Cellular respir­ation

The citric acid cycle consti­tutes the first stage in cellular respir­ation, the removal of high-e­nergy electrons from carbon fuels in the form of NADH and FADH2 (left).
These electrons reduce O2 to generate a proton gradient (red pathway),
which is used to synthesize ATP (green pathway). The reduction of O2 and the synthesis of ATP constitute oxidative phosph­ory­lation.

Pyruvate Dehydr­ogenase links gly to tca

  

Pyruvate Dehydr­ogenase complex

Pyruvate dehydr­ogenase component
E
1
TPP
Dihydr­olipoyl transa­cet­ylase
E
2
Lipoamide
Dihydr­olipoyl dehydr­ogenase
E
3
FAD
E
1
Oxidative decarb­oxy­lation of pyruvate
E
2
Transfer of acetyl group to CoA
E
3
Regene­ration of the oxidized form of lipoamide
E
1
-Carbanion of TPP Carbanion of TPP + Pyruvate -> Hydrox­yet­hyl-TPP
E
1
-Hydro­xye­thy­l-TPP + Lipoamide -> Carbanion of TPP + Acetyl­lip­oam­ide­(high energy)
E
2
-Coenzyme A+Acet­yll­ipo­amide -> Acetyl CoA(high energy­)+D­ihy­dro­lip­oamide
E
3
-Dihyd­rol­ipo­ami­de+­FAD­->L­ipo­ami­de+­FAD­H2-­-NA­D+-­->F­AD+­NADH+H+
 

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  • Published: 14th April, 2021

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