Japanese Basic Particles List Cheat Sheet

は wa	Topic marker	私は先生です。I'm a teacher.
が ga	Subject marker, likes/dislikes, target of desire, ability or skills	マリーが好きです。I like Mary.
を o	Object marker	手紙を書きます。Writing a letter.
も mo	even/also	田中さんも大学生です。Mr. Tanaka is also a university student.
の no	owner/attribute	あなたの友達。A friend of yours.
で de	place of action, configuration, means, reason, ingredient	海で泳ぐ。一人でする。船で行く。I'll swim in the sea. I'll do it alone. I'll go on a boat.
に ni	result of change, destination, precise time* and place of existence	私は医者になりました。病院に行く。四時に始まる。I became a doctor. I go to the hospital. It starts at 4 o'clock.
へ e	direction	学校へ行く。I go to the direction of the school.
と to	companion, exhaustive "and" and base of location	林檎とバナナ。An apple and a banana.
や ya	"and" so on	鉛筆や本。A pencil and a book and etc.
か ka	or/question ending	お腹が空いていますか。パンかケーキ。Are you hungry? Bread or cake?
ね ne	confirmation ending	高いですね。It's expensive, isn't it?
よ yo	exclamation ending	これはおいしいよ。This is delicious!
から kara	starting point	七時から、九時まで勉強する。I study from 7 o'clock until 9 o'clock.
まで made	ending point	七時から、九時まで勉強する。I study from 7 o'clock until 9 o'clock.

*These usually don't need the particle に
days: 昨日、今日、明日
weeks: 先週、今週、来週
month: 先月、今月、来月
year: 去年、今年、来年
time: 朝、昼、夕方、夜

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Created By

PokemonTrainerGold

Very helpful, thank you!

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