Theories of learning
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Who argued the input hypothesis? Krashen, 1982, 2017
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Who argued that noticing is important? Schmidt, 1990
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Who argued that output is essential? Swain, 1995
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Who argued that interaction is essential? Long, 1991
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Teaching methodology
CLT |
TBLT |
Focus on communication |
Focus on Form |
Elements of CLT: Nunan 1991 |
Task cycle: Willis, 1996 |
Key words: Learning to communicate through interaction, authentic texts, enhance own personal experiences |
Key words: meaning, goal-orientated, real world, communicative, outcome |
Presentation, Practice, Performance |
Pre-task, task, language focus |
Technology
TELL |
Blended |
Virtual |
Use of technology in a face-to-face classroom |
Flipped classroom |
Models of online + distance learning |
Application: game-based learning, completing tasks |
Application: maximising class time for activities which benefit from teacher presence |
Application: entirely online, making use of tools to ensure output and interaction |
Key words: Affordances, tools, devices, synchronous, asychronous, collaboration, socio-constructivist approaches
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Writing learning aims
When writing learning aims, remember to start with:
By the end of the lesson, the student will:
Make sure you focus on the objectives, not the teaching activity
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