Cheatography
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NPB 101 Individual Class Assignment
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
The Heart Walls
Endocardium |
- thin, most inner layer |
- made of endothelial tissue |
Myocardium |
- middle layer of the heart wall |
- made of cardiac muscle |
Epicardium |
- thin, external layer |
- made of epithelial tissue |
Chambers & Valves of the Heart
Right Atrium |
- receives oxygen-poor blood via the inferior and superior vena cava veins (through the systemic venous circulation) |
- pumps blood to the right ventricle through the right atrioventricular/tricuspid valve |
Right Ventricle |
- receives oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium |
- pumps blood through the pulmonary/semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery |
Left Atrium |
- receives oxygen-rich blood via the left and right pulmonary veins (from the pulmonary circulation) |
- pumps blood through the left atrioventricular/bicuspid/mitral valve into the left ventricle |
Left Ventricle |
- receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium |
- pumps blood through the aortic/semilunar valve into the aorta |
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Action Potential in Cardiac Contractile Cells
Phases of the Cardiac Cycle as Seen on an ECG
Mechanical Events of the Cardiac Cycle
End-diastolic Volume |
- the volume of blood in the chamber at the end of relaxation/filling/diastole |
- aka the maximum amount of blood that the chamber will hold during the cycle |
End-systolic Volume |
- the volume of blood in the chamber at the end of contraction/emptying/systole |
- aka the amount when ejection is finished |
Stroke Volume |
- the amount of blood pumped out of the chamber with each contraction |
- stroke volume = end-diastolic volume - end-systolic volume |
Isovolumetric Ventricular Contraction |
- the chamber during contraction is closed |
- no blood enters or leaves |
- chamber pressure increases |
Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation |
- the chamber during relaxation is closed |
- no blood enters or leaves |
- chamber pressure decreases |
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Components of the Cardiac Conduction Pathway
Sinoatrial Node |
- bundle of specialized cardiac pacemaker cells |
- in the wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava |
- autorhythmicity of 70 action potentials per minute |
Atrioventricular Node |
Components of the Cardiac Conduction Pathway
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