WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1976 = "Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" |
Key International Events:
1992, Earth Summit
2012, UN Conference on Sustainable Development
June 2017, Council of EU “sustainable development lies at the core of European values” |
Scepticisme: Warm embrace by policymakers ? Achievable & measurable Ex: Europe 20, good Sustainable Devlopment growth strategies |
Three broad approaches:
1.The three-pillar approach (Economic, environment, Social)
2. The ecological approach(economic, Social)
3. Capital Approach ( the opportunity for non-declining welfare through time) |
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DIFFERENT MEASURES
Dashboards, Composite Indices that combine indicators, Footprints... |
UN SDGs – 230 indicators monitoring 17 goals & 169 targets |
Irish CSO Sustainable Development Indicators: Economy (13) Ex: Gross Capital Formation,
Social (16) Ex: Obesity Levels in 2014,
Environment (19) Ex: Domestic Waste Water Treatment 2002-16 |
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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Goals of Economic Growth |
Increase human well-being.
Wealth/Capital = generate well-being
Comprehensive wealth = Stocks of Human, Physical, Natural capital and technology |
GDP |
Gross Domestic Product
No measure SD |
SEEA |
System of Environmental Economic Accounting
1970s = Develop “green” accounts + aid in SD measurement to produce internationally comparable statistics |
2 Keys components |
1. SEEA Central Framework (Environmental flows, Stocks of environmental assets, Economic activity related to the environment)
2. SEEA Ecosystem Accounting: Ecosystem Extent, Ecosystem Condition, Ecosystem Service, Ecosystem Monetary Assets, Thematic Accounts.
The EU requires all Member States to construct natural capital accounts. All Member States must regularly report. |
The six modules are: |
Air emissions accounts, Environmental taxes, Economy-wide material flows, Environmental protection expenditure, physical energy flows, Environmental goods and services |
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