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A virtual environment is a Python tool for dependency management and project isolation. They allow Python site packages (third party libraries) to be installed locally in an isolated directory for a particular project.
What is a virtual environment?A virtual environment is a Python tool for dependency management and project isolation. They allow Python site packages (third party libraries) to be installed locally in an isolated directory for a particular project. |
Most Popular Virtual Environment Managervirtualenv | The most popular and work with Python 2 and 3 | venv | A standard library, similar to virtualenv shipped with Python 3 | virtualenvwrapper | A set of extensions to virtualenv. Useful when using multiple virtualenv directories. | pipenv | Less popular, It automatically creates and manages a virtualenv for your projects by combining Pipfile, pip and virtualenv into one command on the command-line. | poetry | Similar to pipenv | conda | Included in all versions of Anaconda and Miniconda. Anaconda brings many of the tools used in data science and machine learning with just one install. |
Using virtualenv and venvInstalling virtualenv | macOS and Linux | python3 -m pip install --user virtualenv
| | | Windows | py -m pip install --user virtualenv
| Creating a virtual environment | macOS and Linux | python3 -m virtualenv my-env
| | | Windows | py -m virtualenv my-env
| Activating a virtual environment | macOS and Linux | source my-env/bin/activate
| | | Windows | .\my-env\Scripts\activate
| Leaving the virtual environment | | deactivate
| Installing packages | | pip install requests
|
To use venv instead of virtualenv simply change virtualenv with venv while creating the virtual environment Using PipenvInstalling Pipenv | macOS and Linux | python3 -m pip install --user pipenv
| | | Windows | py -m pip install --user pipenv
| Install packages from Pipfile | macOS and Linux | python3 -m pipenv install
| | | Windows | py -m pipenv install
| Add a package | macOS and Linux | python3 -m pipenv install requests
| | | Windows | py -m pipenv install requests
| Activating a virtual environment | macOS and Linux | python3 -m pipenv shell
| | | Windows | py -m pipenv shell
| Leaving the virtual environment | | exit |
When installing a package for the first time a virtual environment will be created automatically and it will create a Pipfile for you in your project’s directory. The Pipfile is used to track which dependencies your project needs in case you need to re-install them. |
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