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STANDARD PRECAUTIONSPPE: | Gown & gloves - when touching blood or body fluids, non intact skin, mucous membranes, or contaminated materials | Masks & face/eye protection - when anticipating splashing of body fluids | NURSING INTERVENTIONS: | Implement standard precautions for all pts | Report communicable diseases per CDC policy | Handle all blood and body fluids as if contaminated | Dispose of PPE in pt's room | Private room is only needed if the pt is unable to maintain hygiene | Clean spills w/ a solution of bleach and water (1:10 dilution) | SHARING ROOMS: | Pts must have same organism | Avoid placing pts on isolation precautions in the same room w/ pts who are immunocompromised, have open wounds, or have anticipated prolonged lengths of stay | Ensure pts are located more than 3 ft from each other | Use privacy curtains between beds to minimize opportunities for direct contact |
AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONSAIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS: | PPE | NURSING INTERVENTIONS | Diseases known to be transmitted by air for infectious agents smaller than 5 mcg | Mask | Standard precautions | Measles | N95 respirator for known or suspected TB | Provide private room w/ monitored negative airflow | Varicella | | Keep door closed | Pulmonary or laryngeal TB | | Respiratory protection |
DROPLET PRECAUTIONSPPE | NURSING INTERVENTIONS: | DROPLET PRECAUTIONS: | Mask | Standard precautions | Protect against droplets larger than 5 mcg | | Private room is preferred | Streptococcal pharyngitis | | May short w/ pt who has infection w/ same organism | Pneumonia | | Keep door closed | Scarlet fever | | Mask is required when personnel is within 3 ft of pt | Rubella | | | Pertussis | | | Mumps | | | Mycoplasma pneumonia | | | Meningococcal pneumonia/sepsis | | | Pneumonic plague |
| | CONTACT PRECAUTIONSPPE: | CONTACT PRECAUTIONS: | NURSING INTERVENTIONS: | Gloves | Prevent transmission of infectious agents that are spread by direct or indirect contact w/ the pt or the pt's environment | Standard precautions | Gown | Wound drainage | Private room is preferred | Mask & goggled (as needed) | Fecal incontinence | May cohort w/ pt who has infection w/ same organism | | Bodily discharges | Gloves & gown worn by caregivers and visitors | | | Disposal of infectious dressing material into nonporous bag | | | Dedicated equipment for the pt or disinfect after each use | | | Pt to leave room only for essential clinical reasons |
PROTECTIVE ISOLATIONPROTECTIVE ISOLATION: | NURSING INTERVENTIONS: | Used to protect pts who have an increased susceptibility to infections, are receiving chemotherapy, or are immunosuppressed or neutropenic | Standard precautions | | Institute maximum protection, which can include the use of sterile linens, food, and other supplies | | Minimize exposure to microorganisms found on the outer layers of fresh flowers, fruits, and vegetables | | Wear sterile gloves and gown/mask when in contact w/ the pt | | Maximum protection will require ventilated/positive-pressure room |
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