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hypoglycemia from an insulin overdose
Therapeutic Use
Hypoglycemia from an insulin overdose |
Adverse Drug Reactions
Gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting) |
Hypotension |
Anaphylaxis |
Nusing Interventions
Turn unconscious clients on their side to prevent aspiration from vomit- ing. |
Monitor for persistent nausea and vomiting. |
Monitor fluid and carbohydrate intake. |
Assess neurologic status throughout treatment |
Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia before and during treatment |
Drug Administration
Give IV, IM, or subcutaneously. |
Expect unconscious clients to regain consciousness about 20 min after IV administration. |
Provide food after clients regain consciousness and can swallow. |
Be aware that, for severe hypoglycemia, IV glucose is the treatment of choice because it acts faster than glucagon does. |
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Patient Education
Warn client and family that vomiting is common after administration of glucagon |
Explain need to keep client on side until consciousness is regained |
Encourage oral intake when tolerated to prevent another episode of hypoglycemia |
Educate client on signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and how to prevent severe hypoglycemic event by carrying sugar packets or candy for emergencies. |
Contraindications
Hypoglycemia from starvation (due to the lack of stored glycogen) |
Pheochromocytoma |
Hypersensitivity to sulfites used as preservatives (wine, foods), other drugs related to sulfonamides (acetazolamide, thiazide diuretics, tolbutamide) |
Precautions
Cardiovascular disorders |
Adrenal insufficiency |
Interactions
Effects of oral anticoagulants (warfarin) increase. |
Negates effects of insulin |
Phenytoin inhibits glucagon |
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