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Treats hypocalcemia and calcium deficiency.
Medication NamesPrototye Med | calcium citrate (Citracal | | | calcium carbonate (Tums; Os-Cal) |
Action: provide a non-dietary source of calcium Therapeutic UseHypocalcemia | Gastric hyperacidity | Clients who have, or are at risk for, experiencing a calcium deficiency | Adolescents | | | Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or postmenopausal | | | Men and women at risk for osteoporosis due to age or lactose intolerance |
Adverse Drug ReactionsHypercalcemia secondary to hyperparathyroidism | More likely to occur when taking large amounts of vitamin D | | | More likely to occur with long-term therapy | Nausea, vomiting, and constipation—may occur as adverse effects or secondary to calcium toxicity | Kidney stones—in clients with hypercalcemia or a history of kidney stones |
InterventionsMonitor serum calcium periodically. | Monitor clients for signs of decreased gastric and intestinal motility. | Monitor clients for urine output in excess of intake. | Monitor clients for signs of decreased gastric and intestinal motility | Monitor clients for flank pain and blood in urine. |
AdministrationCan be given orally or intravenously. | Give calcium supplements 1 hr before or 1 to 2 hr after glucocorticoids, thyroid supplements, and tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics. | Give calcium-based antacids 1 hr after meals and at bedtime | Chewable tablets should be chewed before swallowing | | | Give clients glass of water after swallowin |
| | Patient EducationTeach clients signs of hypercalcemia (constipation, nausea and vomiting, increased urine output, depression). | Instruct clients to take calcium supplements as prescribed by provider, and not to take additional doses | Instruct clients to report nausea and vomiting to provider. | Instruct clients to eat high-fiber diet and take laxative as necessary for constipation | Instruct clients to report flank pain or blood in urine to provider. | Instruct clients to take calcium supplements 1–2hrs before or after taking other medications such as: glucocorticoids, thyroid supplements, and tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics | Instruct clients to take calcium-based antacids 1 hr after meals and at bedtime. | Chew tablet before swallowing | | | Drink glass of water after swallowing | | | Don’t take more than 600 mg at one time | | | Compare dose with bioavailable amount of calcium in product. |
ContraindicationsHyperglycemia | Kidney stones | Low phosphate levels | Cardiac dysrhythmias |
InteractionsThiazide diuretics cause decreased excretion of calcium, which may result in hypercalcemia | Calcium supplements decrease absorption of many other medications, such as thyroid hormones, tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics, and glucocorticoids. | Avoid taking calcium with foods such as cereals, rhubarb, and spinach |
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