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NSAIDs: Generic & Trade Names, MOA, Indications, Side Effects, Monitoring Parameters, Notes
Commonly Prescribed For...Arthritis | Post-Operative Pain | Acute Gout | Inflammatory Pain r/t Tissue Injury | Dysmenorrhoea | Fever | Headache & Migraine | Lower Back Pain | Renal Colic | Macular Edema |
IndicationsAntipyretic | Fever Reduction | Analgesic | Pain Relief | Antithrombotic | Reduces Blood Clotting | Anti-Inflammatory | Reduces Inflammation |
Mechanism Of Action - Enzyme InhibitorInhibits Cyclooxygenase (COX): COX-1 and COX-2 helps in the production of prostaglandins, which are responsible for aiding the inflammatory response by acting as a vasodilator and inhibiting the aggregation of blood platelets. | Antipyretic Properties: Can be used to treat fever. Works on the hypothalamus by inhibiting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) via COX, which raises the thermal set point. | COX-1 acts on the mucosa lining of the stomach to keep it from being eroded away by stomach acid. | COX-2 does not act on the lining of the stomach, so certain NSAIDs which work on COX-2 but not COX-1 are preferable to keep the function of the stomach intact and protected. |
Generic & Trade Names | Generic | Trade | Route | Diclofenac | Voltaren | Oral, | Ibuprofen | Advil, Motrin | Oral, Parenteral | Naproxen | Aleve | Oral | | COX-2 Selective | Celecoxib | Celebrex | Morniflumate | Etoricoxib | Nimesulide | Parecoxcib | Talniflumate |
Name Endings-Coxib | COX-2 inhibitor | -Profen | Anti-inflammatory/Analgesic | -Fenac | Anti-inflammatory Agent |
PrecautionsNot Recommended For... | Pregnancy | Cardiovascular Disease | Renal Disease | GI Bleeds (history of & currently) | Uncontrolled Hypertension |
InteractionsInteractions | Increases | Decreases | Aspirin | GI Side Effects | Effectiveness of NSAID | Diuretics | | Effects of Diurectic | Antihypertensive | | Effects of Antihypertensives |
| | Side EffectsGastrointestinal Ulcers & Bleeds | Dry Eyes | Myocardial Infarction | Dizziness | Nephropathy | Diarrhea | Raised Liver Enzymes | Nausea | Hypertension | Dyspepsia | Salt & Fluid Retention | Bronchospasms |
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics | Oral | Serum | Onset | 30-60 Minutes | . | Peak | 2-4 Hours | 2-2.5 Hours | Duration | 6-8 Hours | . | Absorption | Rapid | Readily |
Nursing DiagnosesNursing Diagnoses | Acute Pain | Indications | Risk for imbalanced body temperature | Indications | Deficient knowledge r/t 1. disease process or/and 2. medication regimen | Indicates Teaching |
AssessmentsAssessment | Following Administration | Pain | Limitation of movement, type, location, intensity | Fever | note associated signs (diaphoresis, tachycardia, malaise, chills) |
Laboratory Test ConsiderationsWhat | Focus | CBC | GI Effects | Pain, Bleeding, Bruising, Dyspepsia | Renal Function | Urine Output, Serum BUN, Creatinine | Response | Pain, ROM, Grip Strength, Mobility, ADL Functions | Liver Functions |
Patient EducationTake NSAIDs with meals or a glass of milk. | Remain upright for 15-30 minutes after taking NSAIDs. | Avoid use of alcohol to prevent GI ulceration & Bleeding | Do not take in combination with other NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and salicylates. | Avoid taking for long periods of time, advise COX-2 inhibitor NSAID use and stomach protectant (Ex. Pantoporazole) | Avoid taking before surgery |
ADDITIONAL NOTES. | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
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