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WJEC Physics Triple, unit 1.1, electric circuits
Symbols, Current and Voltage, Resistance, Series and Parallel, Equations, I-V Graphs, Graphs
Symbols To KnowSwitch | Thermistor | Fuse | Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) | Lamp | Variable Resistor/Reostat | Light Emitting Diode (LED) | Diode | Resistor | Voltmeter | Battery | Ammeter | A.C Power Supply | D.C Power supply | Battery Pack | Speaker |
Series and Parallel CircuitsSeries | Parallel | Current flowing in each component is the same | Current is shared at each junction | Useful when you need a warning when something breaks | Useful when you want other components to work when another is broken. | | | All components receive the same voltage |
I-V GraphsThe graphs can also be reversed (V-I Graphs) | | Current And VoltageVoltage | Current | PUSH behind current | Rate of flow of electrons | Measured in Volts (V) | Measured in Amps (A) | Measured by voltmeter, which is placed in parallel to circuit | Measured by ammeter, which is placed in series to circuit | The more batteries, the more voltage | The more resistance, the less current |
NOTE: Only ENERGY is used up ResistorResistors are the opposition to flow of current. |
Resistors continuedIt is measured in Ohms' and is calculated by Ohm's Law |
NOTE: A filament lamp is also a resistor EquationsVoltage = Current x Resistance | V=IR | Power = Current x Voltage | P=IV | Power = Current2 x Resistance | P=I2R | Total Resistance in Series | R1 + R2 + R3 ... | Total Resistance in Parallel | 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 ... |
Thermistors and LDR Graph
Other thingsThin wire - Less current | Thick wire - More current | Long Wire - Less current | Short Wore - More current | Mains voltage is usually 230V |
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