Cheatography
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Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues:
Aciclovir: Guanine analogue prodrug. |
M.O.A: Phosphorylated to active triphosphate by virally encoded thymidine kinase after cellular uptake. Triphosphate interferes with viral DNA polymerase and inhibits DNA replication. |
Spectrum of activity: Herpes simplex (I & II), Varicella-Zoster viruses |
Indications: Treatment of Herpes simplex (I & II), Varicella-Zoster viruses. Prophylaxis of frequent recurrent episodes of herpes genitalis. |
Drug interactions: Increased nephrotoxicity with nephrotoxic agents such as aminoglycosides. |
Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues:
Ganciclovir: |
Indications: Treatment of sight or life – threatening cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. |
Drug interactions: Concomitant administration with Zidovudine, azathiopurine and antineoplastic agents due to haematologic toxicity. |
Adverse effects: Myelosuppression. |
Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues:
Ribavirin: |
Indications: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection in combination with peg-interferons. |
Drug interactions: Increased nephrotoxicity with nephrotoxic agents such as aminoglycosides. |
M.O.A: Active metabolite of phosphate prodrug inhibits neuraminidases of influenza types A and B. |
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NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS:
Oseltamivir |
M.O.A: Active metabolite of phosphate prodrug inhibits neuraminidases of influenza types A and B. |
Indications: Treatment of influenza A and B |
Antivirals used for herpes viruses:
Aciclovir |
Valaciclovir |
Ganciclovir |
Valganciclovir |
Antivirals used in influenza:
Amantadine |
Oseltamivir |
Zanamivir |
Antivirals used for hepatitis B:
Entecavir |
Lamivudine |
emtricitabine |
tenofovir |
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