This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Combustion
Reagent |
O₂ |
Complete equation |
Alkane + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O |
Incomplete equation |
Alkane + 2O₂ → CO + 2H₂O |
Synthesis
Hydrogenation of alkenes and cycloalkenes |
Reagent |
H₂ gas |
Conditions |
heat / 200°C |
| |
pressure 50atm |
Catalyst |
Ni / Pt / Pd |
Equation |
Alkene + H₂ → Alkane |
Cracking (pyrolysis)
Large alkanes become smaller alkanes and alkenes |
Condition |
500°C |
Catalyst |
Zeolite (SiO₂ - Al₂O₃) |
Equation |
C₆H₁₄ → C₂H₄ + C₃H₆ + CH₄ |
|
|
Halogenation
Reagent |
Cl₂ / Br₂ |
Condition |
UV light / sunlight |
Mechanism |
Free radical substitution |
Rules |
Carbon 3° > 2° > 1° > CH₄ |
| |
Equations |
Initiation (homolysis) |
Br₂ → 2Br• |
Propagation (radical + molecule) |
Br• + CH₄ → CH₃• + HBr |
| |
CH₃• + Br₂ → CH₃Br + Br• |
Termination (radical + radical) |
Br• + Br• → Br₂ |
| |
Br• + CH₃• → CH₃Br |
| |
CH₃• + CH₃• → C₂H₆ |
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