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Chemistry Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Acids and Bases, Polyatomic Ions, Formulas, and constants

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Polyatomic Ions

Ion
Name
Charge
NH4
Ammonium
1+
Hg2
Mercury(1)
2+
NO3
Nitrate
1-
NO2
Nitrite
1-
HSO4
Bisulfate
1-
OH
Hydroxide
1-
CN
Cyanide
1-
H2PO4
Dihydrogen Phosphate
1-
NCS
Thiocy­anate
1-
HCO3
Bicarb­onate
1-
ClO
Hypoch­lorite
1-
ClO2
Chlorite
1-
ClO3
Chlorate
1-
ClO4
Perchl­orate
1-
C2H3O2
Acetate
1-
MnO4
Perman­ganate
1-
SO3
Sulfite
2-
SO4
Sulfate
2-
HPO4
Hydrogen Phosphate
2-
CO3
Carbonate
2-
Cr2O7
Dichromate
2-
CrO4
Chromate
2-
O2
Peroxide
2-
C2O4
Oxalate
2-
TeO2
Hypote­llurite
2-
TeO3
Tellurite
2-
TeO4
Tellurate
2-
TeO5
Pertel­lurate
2-
PO4
Phosphate
3-
PO3
Phosphite
3-
 

Strong Acids

Name
Formula
Hydroc­hloric Acid
HCl
Hydrob­romic Acid
HBr
Hydroiodic Acid
HI
Chloric Acid
HClO3
Perchloric Acid
HClO4
Nitric Acid
HNO3
Sulfuric Acid
H2SO4

Strong Bases

Name
Formula
Lithium Hydroxide
LiOH
Sodium Hydroxide
NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide
KOH
Rubidium Hydroxide
RbOH
Calcium Hydroxides
Ca(OH)2
Strontium Hydroxide
Sr(OH)2

Other Acids

Name
Formula
Acetic Acid
CH3COOH
 

Water Energies

Delta H Sublim­ation
46.6 kJ/mol
Delta H Fusion
6.02 kJ/mol
Delta H Vapori­zation
40.6 kJ/mol

Interm­ole­cular Forces

Dipole - Dipole Forces
Neutral Polar molecules attract each other when the positive end of one molecule it near the negative end of another. Smaller molecules have a higher dipole­-dipole attractive forces.
London Dispersion Forces
Neutral non-polar molecules due to the instan­taneous distri­bution of electrons. Temporary dipole on one atom induces a similar dipole on adjacent atom causing the atoms to be attracted to each other.
Hydrogen Bonds
An attraction between the hydrogen atom in a polar bond that is bonded to an electr­one­gative atom and the lone pairs of electrons on another atom. Stronger than dipole­-dipole or London Dispersion forces.

Molarity

Molarity (M) = (moles of solute­)/(­Liters of Solution)

solubility rules