Cheatography
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equations from textbook: chem 122
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS
h=(2Tcosθ) / (rρg) |
P=Ae−ΔHvap/(RT) |
lnP=−ΔHvap/(RT)+lnA |
ln(P2/P1)= (ΔHvap/R) (1/T1−1/T2) |
nλ=2d sinθ |
FUNDAMENTAL EQUILIBRIUM CONCEPTS
Qc=[C]c[D]d / [A]a[B]b |
Qp= [PC]c[PD]d / [PA]a[PB]b |
P = MRT |
Kc = Qc at equilibrium |
Kp = Qp at equilibrium |
KP = Kc (RT)Δn |
OTHER EQUILIBRIA
MpXq(s)⇌ pMm+(aq)+ qXn−(aq) |
where Ksp=[Mm+]p[Xn−]q |
THERMODYNAMICS
ΔS= qrev/T |
S = k ln W |
ΔS=k ln(Wf/Wi) |
ΔS° = ∑νS°(products)−∑νS°(reactants) |
ΔS=qrev/T |
ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + ΔSsurr |
ΔSuniv=ΔSsys+ΔSsurr=ΔSsys+ (qsurr/T) |
ΔG = ΔH − TΔS |
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SOLUTIONS / COLLOIDS
Cg=kPg |
(PA=(XA) (PA)) |
Psolution=Xsolvent Psolvent |
ΔTb = Kbm |
ΔTf = Kfm |
Π = MRT |
ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA
Kw = [H3O+][OH−] = 1.0 × 10−14 (at 25 °C) |
pH=−log[H3O+] |
pOH = −log[OH−] |
[H3O+] = 10−pH |
[OH−] = 10−pOH |
pH + pOH = pKw = 14.00 at 25 °C |
Ka=[H3O+][A−] / [HA] |
Kb=[HB+][OH−] / [B] |
Ka × Kb = 1.0 × 10−14 = Kw |
Percent ionization = ( [H3O+]eq / [HA]0 ) ×100 |
pKa = −log Ka |
pKb = −log Kb |
pH= pKa+ log ([A−]/[HA]) |
NUCLEAR CHEM
E = mc2 |
decay rate = λN |
t1/2= ln2/ λ = 0.693/ λ |
rem = RBE × rad |
Sv = RBE × Gy |
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KINETICS
relative reaction rates for aA⟶bB =(−1/a)(Δ[A]/Δt) =(1/b)(Δ[B]/Δt) |
integrated rate law for zero-order reactions: [A]t=−kt+[A]0 |
half-life for a zero-order reaction t1/2= [A]0/(2k) |
integrated rate law for first-order reactions: ln[A]t=−kt + ln[A]0 |
half-life for a first-order reaction t1/2= ln2/k |
integrated rate law for second-order reactions: 1/[A]t=kt+ 1/[A]0 |
half-life for a second-order reaction t1/2 =1/([A]0k) |
k=Ae−Ea/RT |
lnk= (−Ea/R)(1/T) + lnA |
lnk(1/k2)= (Ea/R) (1/T2−1/T1) |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
E∘cell=E∘cathode−E∘anode |
E∘cell=(RT/nF)lnK |
E∘cell=(0.0257 V/n)lnK = (0.0592 V/n) logK ......(at 298.15K) |
Ecell = E∘cell − (RT/nF) lnQ .....(Nernst equation) |
Ecell = E°cell− (0.0592V/n)logQ ......(at 298.15K) |
ΔG = −nFEcell |
ΔG∘=−nFE∘cell |
wele = wmax =−nFEcell |
Q = I × t = n × F |
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