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Organic Chemistry (basics)- grd X Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Organic Chemistry -grade X This is to make things easier to learn the chapter.

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Organic chemistry (basics)

>or­ganic chemistry-
'chemistry of specific carbon compound'
>nature of carbon atom
- tetra valency, catena­tion, isomerism
*[cate­nation
tendency of an element to form chains of identical atoms]
*[isom­erism
-same molecular formula but different structural formula]
*Hyroc­arbons
-organic compounds containing 'C' and 'H' atoms only
*Nomen­clature
-system of assignment of names to organic compunds
*Homol­ogous series
-series of organic compounds where the successive members follow a regular structural pattern differing by a 'CH2' group

organic v/s inorganic

ORGANIC
INORGANIC
➤covalent
➤elect­rov­alent (ionic)
➤low meltin­g/b­oiling points
➤high meltin­g/b­oiling points
➤insoluble in water/ soluble in organic solvents
➤soluble in water/ insoluble in organic solvents
➤non-c­ond­uctors of electr­icity
➤good conductors of electricty
➤combu­stible
➤non-c­omb­ustible
➤volatile
➤non-v­olatile
➤exhibits catenation and isomerism
➤doesn't exhibit catenation and isomerism

CLASSI­FIC­ATION

ALIPHATIC (hydro­car­bons)- open chains­/st­raight chain
ATROMATIC (cyclic)- closed chains
>sa­turated (cannot take up more alkanes)
>ho­moc­yclic (only carbon and hydrogen atoms)
>un­sat­urated (double bond/t­riple bond-can take up more alkanes)
>he­ter­ocyclic (C,O,N,H, and S atoms)

NOMENC­LATURE

STEM
number of carbons
meth-
1
eth-
2
prop-
3
but-
4
penta-
5
hexa-
6
hepta-
7
octa-
8
nona-
9
deca-
10
stem/s­uffix
.
-ane
Alkanes (single bonds)
-ene
Alkenes (double bonds)
-yne
Alkynes (triple bonds)

ISOMERISM

chain arrangment
position of functional groups
geomet­rical arrang­ement of atoms around double bond