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EVS ||Lesson 2: ECOSYSTEM Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

LESSION-2 ECOSYSTEM: STRUCTURE OF ECOSYSTEM

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM

✦basic structural and functional unit of the enviro­nment
✦without exchange b/w the living and non-living component of the nature, an ecosystem is not possible
✦The study of ecosystem includes analysis, regulation and function of every component in the ecosystem
✦All to simply understand the equili­brium of the enviro­nment
Both the living and non-living component of nature, when interact with each other to establish a stable living community, it is called an Ecosystem.

STRUCTURE OF ECOSYSTEM

Schematic Repres­ent­ation of Structure of an Ecosystem

BIOTIC COMPONENTS

✦divided into 3 categories
1.PROD­UCERS
-autot­rophs. all green plats. who make their own food by using CO2+wa­ter­+su­nlight with the help of chloro­phyll
2.CONS­UMERS
-heter­otr­ophs. 3 types: Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers, Tertiary Consumers. Goats, Snakes, Lions respec­tively.
3.DECO­MPOSERS
-heter­otr­ophic. Fungus, Mushrooms. aka detriv­ores. no chloro­phyll, hence these orgs grow on dead decaying materials of enviro­nment to absorbs them for energy­/food.
 

ABIOTIC COMPONENTS

Type 1. Climatic Factors
Light, Temper­ature, Humidity, Rain etc
Type 2. Edaphic factors
Minerals, Soil, Organic and Inorganic components of the soil, Substratum etc.
the non-living factors in form of solid, liquid or gas found in the nature (ice, water,
moisture

Climatic Factor­s-1.Light

Essential for all living orgs. In presence of the sunlight plants are able to prepare their food material, which in turn eaten by the hetero­trophs & ultimately by the decomp­osers.
Importance for Plants
Importance for Animals
✦Chlor­ophyll production
✦Controls Metabolism by affecting enzyme activity
✦Distr­ibution of plants
✦Provides Vison
✦Decides physiology of plants
✦Pigme­nta­tio­n(c­olour of skin)
✦Provides and Regulates proper Temper­ature
✦Repro­duction (with the help of vision hence light)
✦Regulates Stomatal Movement
✦Circadian Rhythm. Waking up, sleeping, response to light
✦Duration of Light
 

Climatic Factor­s-2.Te­mpe­rature

Importance for Plants
Importance for Animals
✦Metab­olism.
✦Warm-­Blooded or Endo- thermic animals
✦On Growth & Develo­pment
✦Cold – Blooded or Ecto-t­hermic Animals
✦Thermal Strati­fic­ation
✦Migration or Thermal Migration
 

Climatic Factor­s-3.Water

✦Life is never possible without water
✦animals and plants need water
✦Water regulates the body temper­ature of both plants and animals
✦amount of water present in an area decides the type of ecosystem to be developed there
✦amount of rainfall also decides the kind of plants to grow over there
✦amount of humidity also affects the plants and animals
✦different vegetation leads to different animals living there