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Genetic disorders, autosomal disorders, x-linked disorders/traits, etc.
Genetic Disorders
Caused by |
Alleles inherited from parents |
| |
Genetic mutations |
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Chromosomal damage |
| |
Environmental factors |
| |
X-linked traits |
Types of Genetic Disorders
Single-gene Disorders |
One gene is affected by a mutation that is passed through parents; can be x-linked, autosomal, dominant or recessive |
Complex Disorders |
More than one gene is affected by a mutation, not always passed through parents |
Chromosomal Disorders |
Chromosomes (or parts of) are mutated or missing, not always passes through parents |
Chromosomal Disorders
Down Syndrome (trisomy 21) |
Turner Syndrome (monosomy X) |
Edward Syndrome (trisomy 18) |
Patau Syndrome (trisomy 13) |
Complex Disorders
Asthma |
Diabetes |
Hypertension |
Schizophrenia |
|
|
Autosomal Disorders
Autosome |
A chromosome (not a sex chromosome) |
Autosomal Disorders |
Diseases caused by genes on autosomes |
Autosomal Dominant |
Disorders that are passed from one parent (homozygous dominant or heterozygous) |
Autosomal Recessive |
Disorders that are passed from both parents (homozygous recessive) |
Autosomal Dominant Disorders
Huntington's Disease |
Neurological disorder; progressive degeneration of brain cells, muscle spasms, personality disorder |
Marfan Syndrome |
Inherited disorder; affects the body's connective tissue causing disproportionately long limbs, weakened aorta, and poor eyesight |
BRCA 1 & BRCA 2 |
Inherited in autosomal dominant pattern; hereditary breast cancer, |
Autosomal Recessive Disorders
Cystic Fibrosis |
Mucus in bronchial tubes and pancreatic ducts; shortened lifespan |
Sickle-cell Anemia |
Mutated shape of red blood cells causing frequent blockages in blood vessels |
Tay-Sachs |
Degeneration of central nervous system occurring in children |
X-Linked Traits
Y Chromosome |
Color blindness |
| |
Hemophelia |
X Chromosome |
Barr body |
|
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