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class 9 geography india size and location
Location
india lies in the northern hemisphere. |
main land latitudes and longitudes: 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E. |
the tropic of cancer(23°30'N) divides the country into 2 equal parts |
southeast of the mainland: andaman and nicobar islands in the bay of bengal |
southwest of the mainland: lakshadweep islands in the arabian sea. |
southernmost point of the indian union is the indira point which got submerged under the sea water in 2004 during a tsunami. |
India's neighbours
india occupies an important strategic position in south asia. |
india has 28 states and 8 union territories |
india shares its boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest, china(tibet), nepal and bhutan in the north. and myanmar and bhutan in the east |
our southern neighbours across the sea consist of the two island countries namely Sri Lanka and Maldives. |
sri lanka is seperated from india by a narrow channel of sea formed by the palk strait and the gulf of manner. |
maldives are situated to the south of the lakshadweep islands |
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Size
india has an area of 3.28 million km sq. |
indias total area accounts for about 2.4% of the total geographical area of the world. |
india is the 7th largest country in the world. |
india has a land boundary of 15,200km and the total length of the coastline of the mainland, including andaman and nicobar islands and lakshadweep is 7,516.6km |
the longitude and latitude extent of the mainland is 30°. Despite this the east-west extent appears to be smaller than the north-south extent. |
From Gujurat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lag of 2 hours. hence time along the standard meridian of India(82°30'E) passing through Mirzapur is taken as the standard time for the whole country.
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India and the world
The trans indian ocean routes which connect the countries of europe in the west and the countries of east asia provide a strategic central location to india. |
The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the indian ocean thus helping india establish close contact with west asia, africa and europe from the western coast and with southeast and east asia from the eastern coast. |
no other country has a long coastline on the indian ocean as india has and indeed it is india's eminent position in the indian ocean which justifies the naming of the indian ocean after it. |
since the opening of the suez canal in 1869, indias distance from europe has been reduced by 7000km.** |
the land routes are much older than the ocean routes. |
the various passes across the mountains in the north have provided passages to ancient travellers while the ocean restricted such interactions for a long time. |
these routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and commodities since ancient times. |
The ideas of Upanishads, the ramayana, and stories of panchatantra, indian numerals and the decimal system could reach other parts of the world.spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from india to other countries. |
on the other hand influence of greek sculpture and architectural styles of dome and minarets from west asia can be seen in india. |
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