Cervical and TOS
- Obs and posture - Obs: Ischaemia , jaundice, fever, hypertrophy atrophy/fasciculations of cx muscles and upper back muscles, atrophy of arm muscles , spacisity , rusts Posture: AHC, rounded shoulders, hyper/hypolordosis of cx |
- Gait - shuffling, spacisity , circumduction, ataxia, incoordination of feet and arms |
- Palpation: Palpation: upper tx, scalene, LS, SCM, deltoid, cx sp, paraspinal muscles, interspinous spaces, pecs, major + minor |
- AROM |
- Percussion and vibration - f# |
- PROM and RROM |
- Maximum Cx compression |
- Cervical distraction |
- Doorbell |
- Bakody |
- Shoulder depression |
- L'hermittes - myelopathy, MS |
- Roo's (most sensitive for TOS) |
- Adson's and reverse adson's |
- Hyperabduction test |
- Costoclavicular test |
- MP of Cx and upper Tx |
Thoracic
- Obs and posture: Spacisity, rounded shoulders, scapula, curves of the thoracic, AHC |
- AROM + Adam's forward bending |
- Ott |
- Gait - ataxia, UMNL, LMNL |
- Palpation: traps, scap stabilisers, LS, scalenes, rhomboids |
- Percussion and vibration (SP and rib heads) |
- Closed fist percussion |
- PROM and RROM |
- Chest expansion |
- Supine sign |
- Palpation |
- Maigne's |
Shoulder
- Obs and post |
- Sulcus |
- Palpation |
- Percussion and vibration |
- Sulcus sign |
- Augmented anterior apprehension |
- Posterior apprehension |
- Load and shift |
- ROM |
- Jobe |
- MHK |
- Neer's |
- Drop arm |
- Speeds |
- Active compression |
- Cross body adduction |
- Beighton's |
- Palpation |
- PDT |
Elbow
- Obs and post |
- Palpation |
- AROM (elbow ext) |
- PROM |
- RROM |
- Valgus (MCL) |
- Varus (LCL) |
- Cozens |
- Grip strength |
- Medial epicondylitis |
- Pronator teres |
- Pinch |
- Pronator Quad |
- Tinel's (medial elbow and medial hand) |
- Froment's |
- Arcade of Frohse |
- Pivot shift |
Wrist and hand
- Obs and post |
- Palpation |
- Axial compression of thumb |
- ROM |
- Triangular fibrocartilage test |
- Press test |
- UCL test |
- Scapholunate instability |
- Finger extension |
- Finkelsteins |
- Intersection syndrome |
- Tinels (CTS + Guyon) |
- CTS compression test |
- Phalen's |
- Motor strengthe test for CTS (Oppen's pollicis, APB) |
- Allens test |
- Digital blood flow |
Low Back and SIJ
- Obs and post: |
- Gait |
- AROM |
- FFD |
- Schober's |
- Single leg hyperextension |
- Kemps |
- Waddells Lx compression |
- Rotation |
- Mckenzie (flex + ext + slide gliding) |
- Palpation |
- PROM |
- SLR and WLR |
- Gaenslens test |
- SI distraction |
- Thigh thrust |
- Fabere |
- LL |
- Abd palpation |
- Mckenzie (knees up) |
- SI compression |
- Palpation (prone) |
- Percussion and vibration |
- LL inequality |
- Sacral springing |
- Pheasants |
- Mckenzies |
LL NTT
- Slump |
- SLR and WLR |
- Bonnets |
- Braggards |
- Bowstrings |
- SLR with plantarflexion and inversion (common peroneal) |
- SLR with dorsiflexion (sural nerve) |
- Piriformis test |
- Prone knee bend with hip ext, add and ext rot (LFCN) |
- Prone SLR with abd and hip ext rot (saphenous) |
Hip Buttock and Groin
Obs and post |
Gait |
AROM |
Inguinal hernia palpation |
Trendelenburg |
Pectineus stretch test |
Fulcrum test |
Tibial torsion test |
Palpation |
LL measurements |
PROM (Drehmann, thomas, adduction contracture) |
RROM |
Flexion adduction test |
FAIR test |
Posterior impingement |
Quadrant |
Fabere |
Leg rolling test |
Anvil |
Tinels' (lateral surface of inguinal ligament) |
LL pulses |
Palpation (prone) |
LL measurements |
Hip PROM and RROM - ext |
- Rec fem contacture |
- ITB contracture |
- Meralgia paraesthetica |
Knee
- Obs and post |
- Gait |
- Palpation |
- AROM |
- Standing meniscal compression |
- Q angle |
- Palpation |
- Stroke test |
- PROM and RROM |
- Posterior sag sign |
- Lachman's (more sensitive) |
- Posterior drawer (more sensitive) |
- Pivot shift |
- Anterior drawer |
- Valgus (hand covering outside of knee MCL) and varus stress test (hand covering inside LCL) |
- McMurray |
- Patella grind |
- Patella apprehension |
- Quads measurement |
Ankle and Foot
- Obs and post |
Gait |
Palpation |
Ankle proprioception |
Talus neutral |
Windlass |
AROM |
Palpation |
PROM |
RROM |
Anterior drawer |
Inversion stress test |
Deltoid ligament stress |
Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses |
Mortons neuroma test |
DE test |
Headache
- Gait - Spacicity, circumduction, high steppage, ataxia, frontal lobe , straight line, wide base, falling to one side? Stance - look at how they are standing, wobbly? Wide based? |
- Stance |
- Posture Posture - Upper cross, lower cross, spastic posture, holding head in pain? |
- Temperature (meningitis, infectious causes of HA) |
- Blood pressure (hypertension HA) |
- Gen obs rashes (meningitis/septicaemia/herpes zoster) Fever, sweaty, redness of face, atrophy, fasciculations, (face and upper neck/back) , torticollis hypertonic muscles, symmetrical? , squinting, jaw clenching |
- CN Screen: Facial symm/drooping Ptosis shape and size of pupil Active facial movements Pupillary light reflexes and accommendation Occular positioning and EOM |
- Fundoscopy (ICP) |
- Otoscopy |
- Cx screening ( Bony and soft tissue palpation, AROM, PROM, RROM, end feel, Spurlings, Distraction) |
- Further palpation ( Lymphnodes, scalp tenderness, temporal arteries, sinuses) |
- UL Reflexes |
- UL muscle strength |
- LL Reflexes + plantar response |
- LL muscle strength |
- Nuchal rigidity (Kernig's and Brudiniskis) |
Risk of falls
- Obs and post |
- Gait |
- Tredelenberg |
- One leg standing |
- Tx and Lx AROM |
- Timed get up and go |
- Pulse rate and rhythm |
- Vision |
- Grip strength |
- Muscle tone UL |
- PROM hip ext |
- Hip PROM |
- Knee PROM |
- Ankle PROM |
- LL muscle tone |
- Proprioception of big toe |
- Sensation ofhands and feet |
- Blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension) - immediately standing then after 1-3 minutes standing |
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