math functions and errors// whole # division | sytax -error in code form | a+=1 -> a=a+1 | % find the remainder | semantic -error in logic | a/=1 -> a=a/1 | ** read right to left | / always gives a float | x%y = x-y*(x//y) | {:.xf} -round float to x decimals points |
Numerical functionsabs() -gives absolute values | pow(number,exponent) | int() -turns object to integer | float() -turns object to float | -round(number,what to round to) | -max() -finds max in list | min() -finds min in list |
Import Mathmath.pi is pi | math.sqrt(x) -takes square root of x | math.log(base,variable) | math.e is e | math.ceil(x) -returns smallest integer greater than x | math.trunc(x) -removes decimal values from x |
| | String manipulation\n -end current line and start new | \t -creates a "tab" | \' or \" -doesnt interpret as string delimiter | \\ -true backslash | , creates defaut space of 1. can be use with all object types | + creates no space. Cant be use to put together string and integer (or float) | string.lower() -turns all letters to lowercase | string.upper() -turns all letter to uppercase | string.capitalize() -only first letter in string is uppercase | string.title() -first letter of every word is uppercase | string.replace(string you want to replace, what you replace with) | string.find(what you want to find) | gives number of location in string | returns -1 if it cant find | string.count(what you want to count) | will give number counted | returns 0 if nothing to count | string.strip(what you want to remove) | sep="" -used to change default space betwen objects seperated by , |
| | Variables and object interactionsVariables start with letter or _ | Variables can't have spaces | string and integers cant be added | string and sting cant be multiplied |
Lexographical OrderUppercase < Lowecase | true | a < b | true |
Tupleslen(tuple) -gives the # of objects in a tuple | cant update a tuple | tuples and strings are immutable | tuples can be added | ex r=(1,1) | r+s=(1,1,'a','b') |
Boolean LogicIf, elif, and else must all end with : | any commands following must be indented | can us <, <=, >, >, >=, ==, or != | != is for not equal to | cant use = since that is for variable assignment | output values are only true or false |
Functionsdef function_name(Variable): | every line which comes below is indented | can end with return statement to return a variable |
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