Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
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This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Anti-DNA viruses: Polymerase inhibitors.
Nucleoside analogues with modified sugars. |
1) Acyclovir (Zovirax) |
Synthetic analog of deoxguanosine with an acyclic sugar part. |
Prodrug activated into triphosphate becoming a competitive inhibitor to viral DNA polymerase. |
Widely effective even to Herpes virus. |
2) Famciclovir |
Prodrug with enhanced bioavailability. |
Approved for herpes simplex & herpes zoster. |
Interfere with viral nucleic acid replication.
Anti-DNA viruses: Polymerase inhibitors.
Nucleoside analogues with heterocyclic basic moiety. |
1) Ribavirin |
Prodrug, broad spectrum (against DNA & RNA viruses) |
Phosphorylated by kinases into triphospate--> inhibits viral specific RNA, mRNA--> No nucleic acid synthesis. |
Less selective than acyclovir. |
Anti-DNA viruses: translation inhibitors.
1) Interferon alfa |
Cellular glycoproteins. Broad spectrum antivirals and immunomodulatory. |
MOA: bind to specific cell-surface receptors on infected cells, inhibiting transcription and translation. |
Tested for DNA virus infections and RNA HCV. |
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Anti-reteroviruses/Anti-HIV agents
Nucleoside RT inhibitor |
Zidovudine (ZDV, retrivir) |
Structurally related to deoxythymidine. |
Prodrug activated/converted by cellular thymidine kinase into 5' triphosphate. |
MOA: Direct RT inhibition & prevetns DNA chain elongation by attachment. |
Anti-reteroviruses/Anti-HIV agents
Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors |
Nevirapine (dipyrido-diazepine deriv.) |
MOA: binds to (hydrophobic) allosteric site on RT enzyme, thus disrupting the activity of the active site. |
Anti-reteroviruses/Anti-HIV agents
HIV protease inhibitors. |
Saquinavir |
MOA: by HIV protease inhibition 1) prevents post-translation processing 2) releases immature viral particles. |
Anti-reteroviruses/Anti-HIV agents
HCV RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase inhibitor (NS5B inhibitor) |
Sofosbuvir (sovaldi) |
Prodrug for HCV ttt (12 weeks) |
MOA: activated in liver into triphospahte then inhibits NS5B protein RNA-dep. RNA polymerase which affects viral replication. |
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Anti-influenza agents
Inhibitors of virus attachment, penetration & uncoating. |
Neuroaminidase inhibitors. |
Amantadine & Rimantadine |
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) |
MOA: Inhibits penetration of viral particles and uncoating of the genetic material. |
Prodrug activated in liver; usually a phosphate salt. |
For prophylaxis & ttt of influenza A virus. |
Inhibits the removal of sialic acid from the surface viral glycoprotein enzyme, neuraminidase. thus, decreases infective level of virus & improves viral inactivation by respiratory mucus. |
Tricyclic primary amines. |
Prophylaxis & ttt of inflenza. |
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