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Organic Chemistry Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Combustion

Complete
__ + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
Incomplete
__ + O2 --> CO + H2O
 
__ + O2 --> C + H20
Balance Carbon > Hydrogen > (Multiply everything except O2 by 2) and then balance Oxygen


Alkane & Ether

Haloge­nation

Alkene
H2C=CH2 +Br2 --> CH2(Br­)CH­2(Br)
Alkyne
same as Alkene, but requires twice as many moles to break 2 out of the 3 bonds
Br2 or Cl2

Addition of Simple Acids

Alkene
CH2=CH­2+HCl --> CH3-CH­2(Cl)
Alkyne
Same as Alkene, but requires twice as many moles to break 2 out of the 3 bonds
HBr or HCl

Markov­nikov's Rule: the rich gets richer (Hydrogen goes to Carbon with more Hydrogens already)

Hydrog­enation

Alkene
CH2=CH2 +H2 --> CH3-CH3
Alkyne
Same as Alkene, but double H2 (to break 2 out of 3 bonds)
Aldehyde
CH2(O) + H2--> CH3(OH)
Ketone
CH3C(O)CH3 + H2-->C­H3C­H(O­H)CH3
+H2 & Catalyst (Pt,Pd,Ni)

Alkene + H2 --> Alkane
Alkyne + 2 (H2) --> Alkane
Aldehyde + H2 --> Primary Alcohol
Ketone + H2 --> Secondary Alcohol

Break double bond and add Hydrogen

Hydration

Alkene
CH2=CH2 + H-OH --> CH3-CH­2(OH)
Alkyne
same as Alkene, but 2 times the reagent (H2O)
+H2O & Acid Catalyst (H2SO4)

Markov­nikov's Rule: the rich get richer

Alkene + H2O-->­Alcohol
Alkyne + H2O-->­Alcohol
  

Polyme­riz­ation

Addition
CH2=CH­+CH­=CH­2--­>CH­2-C­H2-­CH2-CH2
Addition: linking together many ALKENE molecules through addition reactions

Addition Polymer formed by the reaction of 2 different monomers- Copolymer