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Methodologies in Research Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Simple cheat sheet for qualitative and quantitative research

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Quanti­tative Research

Why would Quanti­tative research be used in a research?
*Data collection procedures result primarily in numerical data which is then analyzed primarily by statis­tical methods
*QUAN research offers structured and highly regulated way of achieving a macro-­per­spe­ctive of the overar­ching trends in the world
*Test objective theories by examining relati­onship among variables

Qualit­ative Research

Why would Qualit­ative Research would be used during a research?
*QUAL researches explore to understand the meaning indivi­duals or groups ascribe to social or human problem.
*QUAL research presents a flexible and highly contex­t-s­ens­itive micro-­per­spe­ctive of everyday realities of the world
*QUAL data collection procedures result primarily in open-ended non-nu­merical data which is then analyzed primarily by non-st­ati­stical methods
 

Charac­ter­istics of Quanti­tative Research

-numbers prior catego­riz­ation
-variable rather than cases
-stati­stics
-stand­ardize procedures
-quest for genera­liz­ability and universal laws
-Pre-d­ete­rmined
-Instr­ument based questions
-Number analysis
-Macro­-pe­rsp­ective
-Prior catego­riz­ation
-variable rather than cases
-stati­stics
-stand­ardize procedures
-quest for genera­liz­ability and universal laws
-Validity
-Relia­bility
=Ability of instru­ments to produce content
Factors affecting reliab­ility:
1. Wording of question
a. avoid ambiguity
b. Do not assume respon­dents will guess what you mean
2. Physical setting
a. Adapt the same kind of setting for each measur­ement taken. (Ex: same place,­time)
3. Nature of intera­ction
Relati­onship between interv­iewer and interv­iewee can effect the results
4. Regression effect
a. too positive or too negative
b. Mood can effect the partic­ipants answers during the experiment
-Measu­rement validity refers to the meanin­gfu­lness and approp­ria­teness of the interp­ret­ation of the test scores
Face validity
Content validity
Concurrent and predictive validity
Construct validity
-Examp­le:­Per­for­mance data, attitude data, observ­ational data, census data
 

Advantages of Qualit­ative Research Method