addition
string + number |
crash |
string + string |
combine together |
number + number |
math-addition |
multiplication
string * string |
CRASH |
string * number |
combines the strings multiple time |
number * number |
math (multiply) |
string ** number |
CRASH |
number ** number |
Exponent(Math) |
string ** number |
CRASH |
condition
If |
If the statement is true then do |
:then |
command under then else do |
else |
command under else |
while |
While this is true loop the command under the conditional |
While True |
loops forever |
for each item in name of list |
For every item in the list repeat the command under the loop that many times. (a string is a list too) |
for...in... |
loop forever |
example3(convert number to hex)
user_number = input("please enter a number: ")
number = int(user_number)
hex_string = ' '
while (number > 0):
remaider = number % 16
if remaider == 10:
remaider = 'A'
elif remaider == 11:
remaider = 'B'
elif remaider == 12:
remaider = 'C'
elif remaider == 13:
remaider = 'D'
elif remaider == 14:
remaider = 'E'
elif remaider == 15:
remaider = 'F'
hex_string = str(remaider) + str(hex_string)
number = number // 16
print ("Hexadecimal string is 0x", hex_string)
|
example4(countdown)
user_number = input("Please enter a number: ")
number = int(user_number)
countdown_string = ''
while number > 0:
countdown_string = countdown_string + str(number)
number = number - 1
print (countdown_string)
|
example5(circle radious)
while True:
user_radius = input("What is your radius of a circle? ")
radius = float(user_radius)
pi = float(3.1415)
area = (pi) * (radius) ** 2
print("The area of the circle", area)
|
volumeofprism
def areaoftriangle(b,h):
area = 0.5bh
return area
user_base = float(input("enter the base of the triangle: "))
user_height = float(input("enter the height of the triangle: "))
print ('the area of trianglr is', areaoftriangle,(user_base, user_height))
def volumeofprism(b,h,l):
volume = areaoftriangle(b,h)*l
return volume
user_lenght = float(input('lenght of prism: '))
print('the volume of prism is', volumeofprism(user_base,user_height,user_lenght))
|
Printing values
Printing values:
print("hello", "there") #displays hello there
print("hello" + "there") #displays hellothere |
Combining Strings (Concatenation)
Combining Strings (Concatenation)
"hi" + "there" == "hi there"
"hi" * 5 == "hihihihihi" |
loop
While Loop with List:
thelist = [4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
index = 0 # start at the first item
while index < len(thelist):
print (thelist[index]) #prints each item
index = index + 1
For‐Loop with List:
forlist = [3, 4, 5, 2, 1]
for item in forlist:
print(item) |
|
|
Vocabulary
floating point |
decimal number |
boolean |
true or false |
variable |
hold a value and can be change |
string |
a list of character such as number, letter and symbol |
integer |
whole number or counting |
syntax |
grammar or structure of lan |
value |
the number or string can be store in valuable |
function
print(-) |
display information on screen |
input(-) |
receive information from user |
int(-) |
converts a value to an integer |
float(-) |
change number to decimal number |
str(-) |
a list of number, letter and symbol |
len(-) |
the length of string |
''' |
Multi-line comment |
# |
One line comment not include in code |
letter command
print (name.upper()) all capital
print (name.lower()) all not capital
print (name.capitalize()) first letter capital
print (name.title()) every first letter of every word capital
|
example (reverse word)
word = input("Type in an word: ")
reverse = ""
for letter in word:
reverse = letter + reverse
print ("Reverse: ", reverse)
|
example6(random)
import random
intlist = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
random_int = random.choice(intlist)
print (intlist, random_int)
fplist = [1.3112354, 2.5145496, 3.857498, 4.65454564, 5.7418523, 6.321956, 7]
random_fp = random.choice(fplist)
print (fplist, random_fp)
strlist = ["a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "h"]
random_item = random.choice(strlist)
print (strlist, random_item)
myvar1 = 1
myvar2 = 2
myvar3 = 3
varlist = [myvar1, myvar2, myvar3]
random_var = random.choice(varlist)
print (varlist, random_var)
|
example 8
def printdefinition(word):
if word=="variable":
print("""a variable is value that can change""")
elif word=="function":
print("""a function is define box of code that can be reuse""")
elif word=="parameter":
print("""a parameter is value given to function""")
elif word=="argument":
print("""a argument is value given to function""")
elif word=="function call":
print("""a function call is use the function code""")
elif word=="string":
print("""a string is list of character""")
else:
print("""unknown""")
return
while True:
user_input = input("enter word ")
printdefinition(user_input)
|
example9 (largest number)
def max2(num1, num2):
if num1 < num2:
maxvalue = num2
else:
maxvalue = num1
return maxvalue
print(max2(4,5))
print(max2(6,5))
def max3(num1,num2,num3):
maxvalue = num1
if num2 > maxvalue:
maxvalue = num2
if num3 > maxvalue:
maxvalue = num3
return maxvalue
print(max3(1,2,3))
print(max3(1,4,3))
print(max3(5,2,3))
def maxlist(list):
maxvalue = list[0]
for item in list:
if item > maxvalue:
maxvalue = item
return maxvalue
mylist = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(maxlist(mylist))
|
range
numberlist = range(5)
# is the same as creating the following list
numberlist2 = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
for num in range(100):
print (num) # prints all numbers from 0 – 99
for num in range(5, 50):
print(num) #prints all numbers from 5 - 49 |
|
|
calculation
== |
equal |
!= |
not equal |
< |
less than |
> |
more than |
<= |
less than or equal to |
>= |
more than or equal to |
% |
modulo (find remainder) |
+ |
add |
- |
subtract |
* |
multiply |
/ |
divide and quotient is float |
// |
divide and quotient is integer |
** |
exponent |
naming rule
Rules for naming variables: |
- letters |
- numbers(not first letter) |
- underscores (_) |
- can start with letters or underscores ONLY |
- NO SPACES |
example2(convert to binary)
user_number = input("Enter number to convert to binary : ")
number = int(user_number)
binary_string = ''
while (number > 0):
remainder = number % 2
binary_string = str(remainder) + str(binary_string)
number = number // 2
print ("Binary string is",binary_string)
|
example7
def bacon():
print("hello it's bacon")
return
bacon()
def myprint(text):
print (""+str(text)+"")
return
myprint(88)
def myprintnew(text, decoration):
print(decoration+str(text)+decoration)
return
myprintnew(101, "-=-=-=-=-=-")
def doubleit(number):
return number*2
print(doubleit(12121212))
print(doubleit(doubleit(12)))
def areaofcircle(radius):
if radius <= 0:
return "=-=-=-=-="
pi=3.1415
area=piradius*2
return area
user_radius = float(input("radius:"))
print("the area is ",areaofcircle(user_radius))
|
area of triangle
def areaoftriangle(b,h):
area = 0.5 b h
return area
user_base = float(input("enter the base of the triangle: "))
user_height = float(input("enter the height of the triangle: "))
print ('the area of trianglr is', areaoftriangle,(user_base, user_height))
|
palindrome
reverse = ""
letter_num = 0
user_input = input("type in a word:")
user_input = str(user_input)
while letter_num < len(user_input):
reverse = user_input[letter_num] + reverse
letter_num = letter_num + 1
if reverse == user_input:
print("the string is palindrome")
else:
print ("the string is not palindrome")
|
vocab
Vocabulary:
syntax, variable, Boolean, string, integer, float,
list, comment, character, conditional, modulo,
if/elif/else, loop, range, parameter, argument,
function call |
list
Lists:
mylist = [2,3,4,5] # create a list
#select an item from a list
print (mylist[0]) #selects first item and displays 2
# len() determines the length of the list
print (len(mylist)) # displays 4
mylist.append(5) # adds an item to the end of the list |
|
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