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Backup Teknologi Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Backup

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Skrevet af:

Gruppe 1: Lucas Hadberg, Niklas Hald, Andreas Nielsen, Peter Hesselø

GPT/MBR

MBR (Master Boot Record)
GPT (Guided Partiton Table)
A special type of boot sector at the very beginning of a physical storage device. (supports up to 2 TB disks)
A standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical storage device. (supports any size of disks)

RAID (Redundant Array of Indepe­ndent Disks)

Raid 0
Min 2 drives - Not redundant - fast throug­hput.
Raid 1
Mirroring - min 2 drives.
Raid 0+1
Striping + Mirroring - min 4 drives.
Raid 1+0
Mirroring + Striping - min 4 drives.
Raid 2
Data is shared on bit-level on multiple disks - min 3 drives.
Raid 3-4
Striping with dedicated partition - min 3 drives.
Raid 5
Striping with distri­buted partition - min 3 drives.
Raid 6
Striping with double distri­buted partition - min 4 drives.
Raid 10
Similar to 0+1 data redundancy - min 2 drives.

Volume Types

AT/SCH­TASKS

An admini­strator can use the AT/SCH­TASKS to schedule a command, a script, or a program to run at a specified date and time. He can create, delete, query, change, run, and end scheduled tasks on a local or remote computer.

Alloca­tions Min/Max

Type:
Min. size:
Max.size
FAT16
2.042,5 KB
4 GB
FAT32
32.762,5 KB
4 GB
NTFS
1.048.576 KB
16 EB
 

Partition

A partition is the definiton of a section on a drive, a partiton enables the user to part a drive into multiple logcal sectors also known as Logical Volumes.

Volume

A Volume is treated like a separate drive from the physical drive, formatting a volume will only affect the volume.

VSS (Volume Shadow Copy)

A backup technology or service included in Windows XP or newer allows taking manual or automatic snapshots of files and volumes.

Backup types:

Full - Takes a full copy of the source and copies it to the desired destin­ation.
Increm­ental - Takes a backup of anything that has been changed or creating since the last check. Looks for the "­ready for archiv­ing­" bit to check if the file has been edited.
Differ­ential - Similar to an increm­ental the first time it is performed. It copies all data changed from the previous backup. However, each time it is run afterw­ards, it will continue to copy all data changed since the previous full backup. It requires more storage and time to complete than a increm­ental backup.
Block - Block-­level backup is a feature of increm­ental backup that allows uploading for only changed parts of files instead of whole files. In order to do that, it uses snapshot techno­logy.

Disk Quota:

FSRM (File Server Resource Manager) - Is a management feature that can be installed on a Windows server. It manages the following:
User homefolder storage quota’s - Folder quota’s and which kind of file types can be stored. Can be used for generating usage reports.
Soft quota - Does not restrict the user from uploading more than allowed, but the IT department will be notified.
Hard Quota (Hard limit) - Does restrict the user from uploading more than allowed.

VHDx (Virtual Hard Disk)

VHD is a file format which represents a virtual hard disk drive (HDD) up to 2040 GB. VHDx is a newer version supporting up to 64 TB. It may contain what is found on a physical HDD, such as disk partitions and a file system, which in turn can contain files and folders. Both Disk Management Tool and Windows Server Backup allows you to create and mount VHD and VHDX files.

Basic/­Dynamic Drives

UEFI

(U)EFI stands for (Unified) Extensible Firmware Interface. It's a standard specif­ication for the firmware interface on a computer, and it has been implem­ented by multiple vendors on various platforms. UEFI includes support for a newer partit­ioning format: the GUID Partition Table (GPT). It allows for using and booting from much larger disks, up to 8ZB, plus much better defini­tions of what each partition might be used for.