Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
What did this guy do in iran
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Qajar Dynasty 1794-1925
mozaffar e-din shah - moderate but ineffective; financial issues |
took loans from russia for Europeans trips |
sold off concessions- road building monopolies and authority to collect duty on import to europeans for money |
1906- grant constitution which curtailed of monarchial powers |
parliament estb. called Majles - died a few days later |
His son Mhd. Ali shah abolished Majlis, abolished parliament |
he got deposed; constitution re-established ; fled to russia |
1909- Majles voted his 11 year old son as emperor |
continuous domination of British and Russia |
During WWI- Iran was neutral-ottoman invaded and annexed large parts of it |
1917- british used iran to atttack russia to stop the revolution |
Russia annexed northern persia- Persian Socialist Soviet Republic |
Reza Shah and the coup
1) when he was 16 he joined the persian cossack brigade and served the imperial army |
2) the last commanding officer of the brigade and the only iranian commander |
3)he put an end to chaos by taking over power |
4) 1921- occupied tehran; dissolved the govy; made tabatabee the PM |
5) took title of sardar sepah; became commander in chief |
6)1921 coup assited by brits to halt soviet penetration |
7) in 1921, he secured the interiors of iran and suppressed revolts |
8) 1923- parted ways with tabatabee and consolidated iran |
9) Majles granted him dictatorial powers |
10) 1925- forced Majles to make him the Shah of iran; He abandoned the idea of making Iran a republic |
11) became the 1st shah of pehlavi dynasty; son became the crown prince |
Economy
1)Authur Millspaugh- reorganize finance ministry of Iran |
2)1927-Bank Meli- First state owned Iranian Bank; 1930- became central bank |
3)sugar, cement, textiles, and light consumer goods,tea and rice factories; self-sufficient in sugar with 8 refineries |
4)modern industrial plants increased 17 folds including oil |
5)1938- The trans Iranian railway joined persian gulf and caspian sea |
6) railway built with taxes on sugar and tea |
7) b/w 1930-1940 many road building projects were completed, number of miles on highway increased from 2000 to 14,000 |
|
|
Legal System
1) fixed written law with appeal courts |
2) 1926- entire Iranian judiciary was dissolved; restructuring and overhauling reforms with the help of french experts |
3)1927- 600 newly appointed judges in Tehran; the system was extended to other cities; training of 250 judges |
Education
1) overhaul of both the teaching methods and courses; new courses were being devised; schools became uniform |
2) 1933- free tuttion in primary schools; 1935- Uni of Tehran ; adult literacy classes; grade 1-3 beacme co-educational |
3)by 1941- 4 lakh students and 12 thousand teachers in Iran |
4)Govt sponsored European education; Uni became Co-ed |
5)Unis became training grounds for new bureaucracy; created a new middle class |
Socio-Cultural-Religious
1)measures designed to break the power of religious hierarchy; education reforms ended the monopoly of clerics on edu. |
2)secular courts; excluded clerics from judgeship; made state licensed notaries |
3) encroached administration of vaqfs (religious endowments) |
4) new solar iranian calendar- Zoroastrian |
5) policy of tolerance towards jew and Zoros |
6) founded academy of persian language and literature |
improving the status of women
1) opened schools for women and brought them into workforce |
2)1936- abolished veil |
3)marriage laws of 1931- marriage age above 13; allowed women to get divorce |
4) financial support to study abroad; 1935- admitted to tehran Uni |
5)1932- 2nd congress of women of the east; iranian women activist met with activists of Lebanon, Egypt, India and Iraq |
Controlling Foreign Influence
1) changes in foreign affairs; worked to diminish British influence by working with other countries and diminish foreign influence in general |
2)1921- treaty with soviet union (bolsheviks resented imperial expansion of russia, reserved right to temporarily occupy iran in case of attack |
3)purchased ships fron Italy, took Italy's help in navy |
4) removed extra territorial rights |
5) 1932- something related to oil and british and anglo-persian oil comapany. cancelled concessions. shah wanted 21% of the concessions and APOC granted only 16% |
6) right to print money moved from british bank to National Bank of Iran as was telegraph system |
7) prohibited foreigners from administering schools, owning land or traveling without police permission |
8) to counterbalance british and soviet influence he encouraged german business in Iran- Germany was the largest trading partner of iran at the time of WW2 |
end of rule
1)1941- allies UK and soviet occupied Iran by air, land and navy |
2) Iran ceased military resistance and went to negotiate with the allies |
3)UK's PM Foroughi said that for the allies to withdraw- basically kick the germans out and hand them over to allies |
4) Reza shah defied the demand and secretly helped Germans go |
5)then the red army occupied Tehran |
6)1941-Reza shah had to abdicate in favour of his son |
7) 1944- british forces took him to Mauritius and then to South africa where he died |
|
